Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-266547
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated May 1, 2023)
17,272,728 Shares of Common Stock
Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase 12,727,272 Shares of Common Stock
Sana Biotechnology, Inc. is offering 17,272,728 shares of its common stock and, in lieu of common stock to certain investors, pre-funded warrants to purchase 12,727,272 shares of our common stock in this offering. The purchase price of each pre-funded warrant equals the price per share at which shares of our common stock are being sold to the public in this offering, minus $0.0001, which is the exercise price of each pre-funded warrant. The pre-funded warrants do not expire, and each pre-funded warrant will be exercisable at any time after the date of issuance. This prospectus supplement also relates to the offering of the shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of such pre-funded warrants.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol SANA. The last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on February 7, 2024 was $6.10 per share. There is no established public trading market for the pre-funded warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.
We are an emerging growth company as defined under the federal securities laws, and as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements.
See the section titled Risk Factors beginning on page S-11 of this prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, to read about factors you should consider before you make your investment decision.
Per Share |
Per Pre-Funded Warrant |
Total | ||||||||||
Public offering price |
$ | 5.50 | $ | 5.4999 | $ | 164,998,727.27 | ||||||
Underwriting discounts and commissions(1) |
$ | 0.33 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 8,400,000.51 | ||||||
Proceeds, before expenses, to us |
$ | 5.17 | $ | 5.1699 | $ | 156,598,726.76 |
(1) | See Underwriters beginning on page S-27 for additional information regarding underwriter compensation. |
We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to an additional 4,500,000 shares of our common stock at the public offering price set forth above, less underwriting discounts and commissions.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares and the pre-funded warrants against payment in New York, New York on or about February 12, 2024.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Morgan Stanley | J.P. Morgan | Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC | BofA Securities |
February 7, 2024
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of common stock and pre-funded warrants and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which gives more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this prospectus, we are referring to both the prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. In this prospectus supplement, as permitted by law, we incorporate by reference information from other documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. This means that we can disclose important information to you from those documents which we may file with the SEC from time to time. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and should be read with the same care. This prospectus supplement describes the specific details regarding this offering and also adds to and updates information contained in the documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference filed prior to the date of this prospectus supplement, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement. However, if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later datefor example, a document incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplementthe statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement as our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since the earlier dates.
You should not consider any information in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus to be investment, legal, or tax advice. You should consult your own counsel, accountants, and other advisers for legal, tax, business, financial, and related advice regarding the purchase of the common stock and pre-funded warrants offered by this prospectus supplement. If the description of the offering varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information contained in this prospectus supplement.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a shelf registration statement that we filed with the SEC. Under the shelf registration process, we may offer from time to time various securities, of which this offering of shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants is a part. Such registration statement also includes exhibits that provide more detail on the matters discussed in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference and the exhibits filed with the SEC that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.
Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any information other than that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to purchase, the securities offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus in any jurisdiction to or from any person to whom or from whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation of an offer in such jurisdiction. The information contained in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, or incorporated by reference herein or therein is accurate only as of the respective dates thereof, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or of any sale of our common stock and pre-funded warrants. It is important for you to read and consider all information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, in making your investment decision. You should also read and consider the information in the documents to which we have referred you in the sections titled Where You Can
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Find More Information and Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference in this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying prospectus.
We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the offering of the common stock and pre-funded warrants in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the common stock and pre-funded warrants and the distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus outside the United States. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not constitute, and may not be used in connection with, an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus by any person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offer or solicitation.
We further note that the representations, warranties, and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty, or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties, and covenants were accurate only as of the date when made; therefore, such representations, warranties, and covenants should not be relied on as accurate representations of the current state of our affairs.
When we refer to Sana Biotechnology, Sana, the Company, we, us, and our in this prospectus, we mean Sana Biotechnology, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified. When we refer to you, we mean the potential holders of our common stock and pre-funded warrants.
SANA BIOTECHNOLOGY, the Sana Biotechnology logos, and other trade names, trademarks, or service marks of Sana Biotechnology appearing in this prospectus supplement are the property of Sana Biotechnology. Other trade names, trademarks, or service marks appearing in this prospectus supplement are the property of their respective holders. Solely for convenience, trade names, trademarks, and service marks referred to in this prospectus supplement appear without the ®, , and SM symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trade names, trademarks, and service marks.
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MARKET, INDUSTRY, AND OTHER DATA
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference herein, contains estimates, projections, and other information concerning our industry, our business, and the markets for certain drugs, including data regarding the estimated size of those markets. Information that is based on estimates, forecasts, projections, or similar methodologies is inherently subject to uncertainties and actual events or circumstances may differ materially from events and circumstances reflected in this information. Unless otherwise expressly stated, we obtained this industry, business, market, and other data from reports, research surveys, studies, and similar data prepared by third parties, industry, medical and general publications, government data, and similar sources. In some cases, we do not expressly refer to the sources from which this data is derived. In that regard, when we refer to one or more sources of this type of data in any paragraph, you should assume that other data of this type appearing in the same paragraph is derived from the same sources, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.
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This summary provides a general overview of selected information and does not contain all of the information you should consider before buying our securities. Therefore, you should read the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and the information incorporated by reference herein and therein, before making an investment decision. In addition, investors should carefully consider the information set forth under Risk Factors beginning on page S-11 of this prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement as well as our financial statements and related notes incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement before making an investment decision.
Overview
We were founded on the belief that engineered cells will be one of the most important transformations in medicine over the next several decades. The burden of diseases that can be addressed at their root cause through engineered cells is significant. We view engineered cells as having the potential to be as therapeutically disruptive as biologics to clinical practice. Our long-term aspirations are to be able to control or modify any gene in the body, to replace any cell that is damaged or missing, and to markedly improve access to cellular and gene-based medicines. We have brought together an experienced group of scientists, engineers, and company builders and combined them with the necessary technologies to move this vision forward. We are developing ex vivo and in vivo cell engineered cell therapies to revolutionize treatment across a broad array of therapeutic areas with unmet treatment needs, including in oncology, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and central nervous system disorders, among others. Our platform progress, broad capabilities, and strong balance sheet enable us to execute on a broad vision.
Frequently in disease, cells are damaged or missing entirely, and an effective therapy needs to replace the entire cell, an approach referred to as cell therapy or ex vivo cell engineering. A successful therapeutic requires an ability to manufacture cells at scale that engraft, function, and have the necessary persistence in the body. Of these requirements, long-term persistence related to overcoming immunologic rejection of another persons cells has been the most challenging, which has led many to focus on autologous, or a patients own, cells as the therapeutic source. However, autologous therapies require a complex process of harvesting cells from the patients, manipulating them outside the body, and returning them to the patient. Products using this approach have had to manage significant challenges such as scalability, product variability, product quality, cost, patient accessibility, and limits on number of cell types that are amenable to this approach. Given these limitations, rather than using autologous cells to overcome immune rejection, we have invested in creating hypoimmune-modified cells that can hide from the patients immune system. We are striving to make therapies that use pluripotent stem cells with our hypoimmune genetic modifications as the starting material, which we then differentiate into a specific cell type, such as a pancreatic islet cell, before treating the patient. Additionally, there are cell types for which effective differentiation protocols from a stem cell have not yet been developed, such as T cells. For these cell types, instead of starting from a pluripotent stem cell, we can use allogeneic, fully-differentiated cells sourced from a donor as the starting material to which we then apply our hypoimmune genetic modifications.
The process of repairing and controlling genes in the body, referred to as gene therapy or in vivo cell engineering, requires in vivo delivery of a therapeutic payload and modification of the genome. There are multiple methods available to modify the genome, but limited ability to deliver therapeutic payloads in vivo. Thus, delivery of a therapeutic payload is at the core of our strategic focus for our in vivo gene therapy program, with our ultimate goal being the delivery of any payload to any cell in a specific and repeatable way. Our initial effort is on cell-specific delivery and increasing the diversity and size of payloads. Using our fusogen technology, we have shown in preclinical studies that we can specifically target numerous cell surface receptors that, when combined with delivery vehicles to form fusosomes, allow cell-specific delivery across multiple different cell types.
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We believe the time is right to develop engineered cell therapies across a broad range of therapeutic areas. Substantial progress in the understanding of genetics, gene editing, protein engineering, stem cell biology, immunology, process analytics, and computational biology have converged to create an opportunity to markedly increase the breadth and depth of the potential impact of cellular medicines. We are focused on creating transformative engineered cell therapies across a range of therapeutic areas. We are developing a broad pipeline of product candidates, which are summarized below:
1 | Investigator sponsored trial. |
Abbreviations: ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); extrarenal systemic lupus erythematosus (ERL); Huntingtons disease (HD); lupus nephritis (LN); multiple myeloma (MM); non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL); Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD); secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS); type 1 diabetes (T1D); worldwide (WW).
Recent Developments
Clinical Updates
SC291 ARDENT
In January 2024, we disclosed initial interim clinical data from our ongoing Phase 1 clinical trial evaluating our CD19-targeted directed allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T program, SC291, in patients with B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases, including non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (CLL), which we refer to as the ARDENT trial.
As of January 5, 2024, the cut-off date for our early interim analysis, six patients had been dosed with SC291 and four patients were evaluable (defined as patients dosed with SC291 who had at least one disease assessment), of whom three were dosed with 60M CAR T cells (Dose Level 1) and the other was dosed with 120M CAR T cells (Dose Level 2). With respect to the four evaluable patients at these two dose levels, we observed no dose limiting toxicities, no SC291-related serious adverse events, and no incidences of graft versus host disease. We also observed no cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) of any grade or any infections of Grade 3 or higher. Additionally, we observed at least a partial response in three of the patients, including ongoing complete responses in one patient from Dose Level 1 after three months and the patient from Dose Level 2 after two months.
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The SC291 drug product contains CAR T cells that are fully edited hypoimmune cells, which we describe as HIP-edited CAR-T cells, along with partially edited cells, which we describe as non-HIP CAR T cells. In vitro testing showed evidence that blood and immune cells from each of the four evaluable patients had mounted an immune response to the non-HIP CAR T cells but not to the HIP-edited CAR T cells. Specifically, HIP-edited CAR T cells from the drug product were not rejected by the innate immune response mediated by the patients natural killer (NK) cells, nor did the patients have T cell or antibody responses that recognized these cells. In contrast, we observed immune responses against the non-HIP CAR T cells in the drug product.
Importantly, this evidence suggests that the patients had an intact immune system capable of recognizing allogeneic cells and that the HIP CAR T cells were able to evade these responses. These results were consistent across all four evaluable patients and provide early support for the idea that the immune evasion profile of our HIP gene edits in multiple pre-clinical models may translate into human subjects. We believe this observation supports further dose escalation and dose expansion in the ARDENT trial and broader application of our HIP technology in allogeneic cell therapies in other indications.
We are continuing to enroll and dose patients in the ARDENT trial and expect to share additional data in 2024.
SC291 GLEAM
In November 2023, the FDA cleared our Investigational New Drug application (IND) to evaluate SC291 in patients with lupus nephritis, extrarenal lupus, and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, which we refer to as our GLEAM trial.
In the ongoing ARDENT trial, we have observed the pharmacodynamic effect of peripheral blood B cell depletion, which refers to diminishing B cell counts in the peripheral blood, associated with SC291 treatment in patients. We believe this may increase the possibility that SC291 treatment may confer similar benefit to patients with B cell-mediated autoimmune disorders as autologous CD19 CAR T cell therapies.
We expect to share data from the GLEAM trial in 2024.
SC262 VIVID
In January 2024, the FDA cleared our IND to evaluate SC262, our hypoimmune-modified CD22 CAR T program, in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies who have received prior CD19 CAR T therapy, which we refer to as our VIVID trial. We expect to share data from the VIVID trial in 2024.
Pancreatic Islet Cell Program
In January 2024, we presented data from a study transplanting allogeneic HIP-modified pancreatic islet cells into a fully immunocompetent, diabetic non-human primate (NHP). Subsequent to diabetes being induced in the NHP with streptozotocin, daily insulin injections were performed to re-establish glucose control. After 78 days, the NHP underwent transplantation of HIP primary islets by intramuscular injection, resulting in insulin independence without the use of any immunosuppression. As early as one week after the transplantation, the NHPs serum c-peptide level had normalized, and it remained stable throughout the follow-up period of six months. The NHP showed tightly controlled blood glucose levels for six months, was completely insulin-independent, and was continuously healthy throughout this period with no use of any immunosuppression. Up to six months following HIP primary islet transplantation, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum were obtained from the NHP for immune analyses. HIP primary islets showed no T cell recognition, no graft-specific antibodies, and were protected from NK cell and macrophage killing. To demonstrate that the NHPs insulin-
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independence was fully dependent on the HIP primary islets and that there was no regeneration of the animals endogenous islet cell population, we triggered the destruction of the HIP primary islets using a CD47-targeting antibody. This resulted in a loss of glycemic control and return to exogenous insulin dependence. We believe these data demonstrate potential evidence for immune evasion of HIP primary islets, graft-mediated insulin-independence of the diabetic NHP, and a potential safety strategy.
In November 2023, the Swedish Medical Products Agency authorized a clinical trial application for an investigator-sponsored, first-in-human study (IST) evaluating UP421, an allogeneic, primary islet cell therapy engineered with our HIP technology, in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Subjects in this study will receive no immunosuppression. We expect data from the IST to be shared in 2024. We believe that immunology insights gained from the IST, particularly with respect to whether HIP modifications lead to long-term survival and evasion of either allogeneic or autoimmune killing of the transplanted cells, may provide direct insights applicable to our preclinical-stage pluripotent stem cell-derived hypoimmune pancreatic islet product candidate, SC451.
Certain Preliminary Financial Information (Unaudited)
Our financial statements for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2023 will not be available until after this offering is completed and consequently will not be available to you prior to investing in our securities. Based upon preliminary estimates and information available to us as of the date of this prospectus supplement, we had approximately $205.4 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of January 2, 2024.
This estimate of our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of January 2, 2024 is preliminary, has not been audited, is based on information available to us only as of the date of this prospectus supplement, and is subject to change. Additional information and disclosure would be required for a more complete understanding of our financial position as of January 2, 2024. Our independent registered public accounting firm has not audited, reviewed, or performed any procedures with respect to this preliminary information and, accordingly, does not express an opinion or any other form of assurance about it.
Corporate and Other Information
We were founded in July 2018 as a Delaware corporation. Our principal executive offices are located at 188 East Blaine Street, Suite 400, Seattle, Washington 98102, and our telephone number is (206) 701-7914. Our website address is www.sana.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus supplement and is not incorporated by reference herein. We have included our website address as an inactive textual reference only. We also use our website as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
We are an emerging growth company as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the JOBS Act). We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (i) December 31, 2026, (ii) the last day of the year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion, (iii) the last day of the year in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), which would occur if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeded $700.0 million as of the last business day of the second fiscal quarter of such year or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting
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requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. As an emerging growth company, we may:
| present only two years of audited financial statements, plus unaudited financial statements for any interim period, and related managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations; |
| avail ourselves of the exemption from the requirement to obtain an attestation and report from our auditors on the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act); |
| provide less extensive disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements; |
| not require stockholder non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; and |
| take advantage of extended transition periods to comply with new or revised accounting standards, delaying the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies. |
As a result, the information in this prospectus and that we provide to our investors in the future may be different than what you might receive from other public reporting companies.
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Common stock offered by us |
17,272,728 shares. |
Pre-funded warrants offered by us |
We are also offering, in lieu of common stock, to certain investors, pre-funded warrants to purchase 12,727,272 shares of common stock. The purchase price of each pre-funded warrant equals the price per share at which shares of common stock are being sold to the public in this offering, minus $0.0001, which is the exercise price of each pre-funded warrant. The pre-funded warrants do not expire, and each pre-funded warrant will be exercisable at any time after the date of issuance, subject to an ownership limitation. This preliminary prospectus supplement also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of such pre-funded warrants. |
Option to purchase additional shares from us |
We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement to purchase up to an additional 4,500,000 shares of our common stock. |
Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering |
214,335,612 shares, or 218,835,612 shares if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares, in each case assuming no exercise of any pre-funded warrants offered and sold by us. |
Use of Proceeds |
We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $156.6 million, or approximately $179.9 million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. |
We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, if any, together with our existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, to fund our ongoing and planned preclinical and clinical development of our most advanced product candidates, including SC291 and SC262, and support the investigator-sponsored trial of UP421, the continued development of our preclinical product candidates, including SC451 and SC379, and our earlier-stage research programs, and for working capital and other general corporate purposes. See the section titled Use of Proceeds on page S-18 for more information. |
Risk Factors |
You should read the Risk Factors section of this prospectus supplement beginning on page S-11 and the Risk Factors sections contained in the accompanying prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 and our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, for a discussion of factors to consider carefully before making an investment decision. |
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Nasdaq trading symbol |
SANA. We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on The Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other national securities exchange or any recognized trading system. Without an active market, the liquidity of the pre-funded warrants will be limited. |
The number of shares of our common stock shown above to be outstanding after this offering is based on 197,062,884 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2023, and excludes:
| 29,385,343 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options as of September 30, 2023, with a weighted-average exercise price of $6.79 per share; |
| 359,480 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options granted subsequent to September 30, 2023, with a weighted-average exercise price of $3.97 per share; |
| 1,677,955 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units granted as of September 30, 2023; |
| 975,568 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units granted subsequent to September 30, 2023; |
| 16,456,229 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Incentive Award Plan as of September 30, 2023, as well as an automatic increase of 9,890,934 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Incentive Award Plan that became effective on January 1, 2024 in accordance with its terms and any additional automatic increases in the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder; and |
| 4,814,262 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of September 30, 2023, as well as an automatic increase of 1,978,186 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan that became effective on January 1, 2024 in accordance with its terms and any additional automatic increases in the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder. |
In addition, the number of shares outstanding immediately after this offering does not include shares of common stock that we have sold since September 30, 2023 and may offer and sell in the future pursuant to our sales agreement dated August 4, 2022 (the Sales Agreement), with Cowen and Company, LLC (Cowen), as sales agent, in at-the-market offerings pursuant to the Sales Agreement. Between October 1, 2023 and the date of this prospectus supplement, we sold an aggregate of 150,000 shares of our common stock for net proceeds of approximately $1.1 million, after deducting $0.03 million of commissions and other offering expenses payable to Cowen, and up to $119.4 million of shares of our common stock remains available for future sale, provided no sales shall be made under the Sales Agreement until the earlier of the underwriters exercising their option to purchase additional shares in full or the 30th day following the date of this prospectus supplement.
Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus supplement assumes:
| no exercise or settlement of outstanding options and restricted stock units referred to above; |
| no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock from us; and |
| no exercise of the pre-funded warrants that we are offering in this offering in lieu of common stock to certain investors. |
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Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before making an investment decision, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below and discussed under the section captioned Risk Factors contained in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act, each of which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus in their entirety, together with other information in this prospectus supplement, and the information and documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, operating results, prospects, or financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. This could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risks described below are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business operations. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. Please also carefully read the section below titled Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.
Risks Relating to This Offering
Our management team has broad discretion to use the net proceeds from this offering and its investment of these proceeds may not yield a favorable return. They may invest the net proceeds from this offering in ways with which investors disagree.
Our management will have broad discretion over the use of net proceeds from this offering and could spend the net proceeds in ways our stockholders may not agree with or that do not yield a favorable return, if at all. If we do not invest or apply the net proceeds from this offering in ways that improve our operating results, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our stock price to decline and could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. Pending their use, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value. For additional details, see the section titled Use of Proceeds.
If you purchase securities in this offering, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of your shares.
If you purchase shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the as adjusted net tangible book value of your common stock or the underlying pre-funded warrants purchased in this offering because the price that you pay will be substantially greater than the net tangible book value per share of the shares you acquire. To the extent outstanding options are exercised, restricted stock units vest and settle or we raise additional capital, pursuant to the Sales Agreement or otherwise, you will incur further dilution. For additional information on the dilution that you will experience immediately after this offering, see the section titled Dilution.
The pre-funded warrants are not listed on any exchange and we do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on any exchange.
If you purchase pre-funded warrants, you may be unable to sell such warrants at the prices desired or at all. There is no existing trading market for the pre-funded warrants and there can be no assurance that a liquid market will develop or be maintained for the pre-funded warrants, or that you will be able to sell any of the pre-funded warrants at a particular time (if at all). In addition, we do not intend to apply for listing of the pre-funded warrants on Nasdaq or any other securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system. The liquidity of the trading market in the pre-funded warrants and the sale price, if any, for the pre-funded warrants, may be adversely affected by, among other things: (i) changes in the overall market for the pre-funded warrants; (ii) changes in our financial performance or prospects; (iii) changes or perceived changes in our creditworthiness; (iv) the prospects for companies in the industry generally; (v) the number of holders of the pre-funded warrants; and (vi) the interest of securities dealers in making a market for the pre-funded warrants.
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Except for the right to participate in certain dividends and distributions, holders of the pre-funded warrants will have no rights as common stockholders until such holders exercise their pre-funded warrants and acquire our common stock.
Until holders of the pre-funded warrants exercise their pre-funded warrants and acquire shares of our common stock, such holders will have no rights with respect to the shares of our common stock underlying such pre-funded warrants, except that the holder of a pre-funded warrant shall be entitled to participate in certain distributions, including cash dividends, if any, to all holders of our common stock for no consideration. Upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants, the holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise date.
Significant holders or beneficial owners of our common stock may not be permitted to exercise the pre-funded warrants that they hold.
A holder of the pre-funded warrants will not be entitled to exercise any portion of such pre-funded warrants which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or 9.99%) of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, or (ii) the combined voting power of our securities beneficially owned by the holder (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or 9.99%) of the combined voting power of all of our securities then outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the pre-funded warrants. Such percentage may be increased by the holder of the pre-funded warrants to any other percentage not in excess of 19.99% upon at least 61 days prior notice from the holder to us. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your pre-funded warrants for shares of our common stock at a time when it would be financially beneficial for you to do so. In such circumstance you could seek to sell your pre-funded warrants to realize value, but you may be unable to do so in the absence of an established trading market for the pre-funded warrants.
We will not receive any meaningful amount of additional funds upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants.
Each pre-funded warrant will be exercisable until it is fully exercised and by means of payment of the nominal cash purchase price upon exercise or by means of a cashless exercise according to a formula set forth in the pre-funded warrant. Accordingly, we will not receive any meaningful additional funds upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants.
If we do not maintain a current and effective registration statement relating to the share of common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants, holders will only be able to exercise such pre-funded warrants on a cashless basis.
If we do not maintain a current and effective registration statement relating to the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants at the time that holders wish to exercise such pre-funded warrants, they will only be able to exercise them on a cashless basis provided that an exemption from registration is available. As a result, the number of ordinary shares that holders will receive upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants will be fewer than it would have been had such holder exercised his warrant for cash, and holders may be limited in their ability to immediately sell shares upon exercise subject to volume or other securities law limitations. Further, if an exemption from registration is not available, holders would not be able to exercise on a cashless basis and would only be able to exercise their pre-funded warrants for cash if a current and effective registration statement relating to the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants is available.
We may issue additional equity or convertible debt securities in the future, which may result in additional dilution to you.
To the extent outstanding stock options are exercised, there will be dilution. In addition, in order to raise additional capital, we expect to in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities
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convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is equal to or greater than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share in this offering.
Future sales or issuances of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception of such sales, could depress the trading price of our common stock.
The sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or other equity-related securities in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We may sell large quantities of our common stock at any time pursuant to one or more separate offerings in the future. We cannot predict the effect that future sales of common stock or other equity-related securities would have on the market price of our common stock.
We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock, and, consequently, investors ability to achieve a return on their investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. We do not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. As a result, any investment return on our common stock will depend upon increases in the value of our common stock, which is not certain. There is no guarantee that our common stock will appreciate or even maintain the price at which investors have purchased it.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, contain forward-looking statements concerning our business, operations, and financial performance and condition, as well as our plans, objectives, and expectations for our business, operations, and financial performance and condition. Any statements contained, or incorporated by reference, herein that are not statements of historical facts may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties related to global events and macroeconomic conditions, and other important factors that are in some cases beyond our control and may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as aim, anticipate, believe, continue, could, estimate, expect, intend, may, might, plan, potential, predict, should, would, or will, the negative of these terms, and other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks include, but are not limited to, statements about:
| our expectations regarding the potential market size and size of the potential patient populations for our product candidates and any future product candidates, if approved for commercial use; |
| our clinical and regulatory development plans; |
| our expectations with regard to our preclinical studies, clinical trials, and research and development programs, including our beliefs regarding the impact, timing and availability of data from such studies and trials; |
| the timing of commencement and advancement of future preclinical studies, clinical trials, and research and development programs; |
| our ability to acquire, discover, and develop product candidates and timely advance them into and through clinical data readouts and successful completion of clinical trials; |
| our expectations regarding the potential safety, efficacy, or clinical utility of our product candidates; |
| our intentions with respect to and our ability to establish collaborations or partnerships; |
| the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals for our product candidates; |
| our commercialization, marketing, and manufacturing expectations, including with respect to the buildout of our manufacturing facility and capabilities and the timing thereof; |
| impact of future regulatory, judicial, and legislative changes or developments in the United States and foreign countries; |
| our intentions with respect to the commercialization of our product candidates; |
| the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates, if approved; |
| the potential effects of public health crises on our preclinical and clinical programs and business; |
| our expectations regarding the impact of global events and macroeconomic conditions on our business; |
| the implementation of our business model and strategic plans for our business and product candidates, including additional indications that we may pursue; |
| our ability to effectively manage our growth, including our ability to retain and recruit personnel and maintain our culture; |
| the scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our product candidates, including the projected terms of patent protection; |
| estimates of our expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, needs for additional financing, and ability to obtain additional capital; |
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| our expected use of proceeds from our initial public offering and our existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities; |
| the performance of our third-party suppliers and manufacturers; |
| our anticipated use of proceeds from this offering and our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities; |
| our future financial performance; |
| our expectations regarding the duration for which we will be an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act; |
| developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry, including competing products; and |
| other risks and uncertainties, including those listed under the caption Risk Factors. |
You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein completely and with the understanding that our actual results may differ materially from what we expect as expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. In light of the significant risks and uncertainties to which our forward-looking statements are subject, you should not place undue reliance on or regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified timeframe, or at all. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among other things, those listed under the section titled Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the discussion in our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in each of the sections titled Risk Factors and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the dates of this prospectus supplement and are subject to such risks and uncertainties, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or any sale of our securities and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise after the date of this prospectus supplement. You should, however, review the factors and risks we describe in the reports we will file from time to time with the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement. See Where You Can Find More Information. For all forward-looking statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
In addition, statements that we believe and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus supplement, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and you are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
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DESCRIPTION OF PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS
The following is a brief summary of certain terms and conditions of the pre-funded warrants being offered in this offering. The following description is subject in all respects to the provisions contained in the pre-funded warrants.
Form
The pre-funded warrants will be issued as individual warrant agreements to investors. The form of pre-funded warrant will be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K that we expect to file with the SEC.
Term
The pre-funded warrants do not expire.
Exercisability
The pre-funded warrants are exercisable at any time on or after their original issuance. The pre-funded warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly signed exercise notice and by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. As an alternative to payment in immediately available funds, the holder may, in its sole discretion, elect to exercise the pre-funded warrant through a cashless exercise, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the pre-funded warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a pre-funded warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will pay the holder an amount in cash equal to the fractional amount multiplied by the fair market value of the common stock on the exercise date.
Exercise Limitations
We may not effect the exercise of any pre-funded warrant, and a holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any pre-funded warrant that, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its attribution affiliates (as defined below)) to exceed 4.99% (or 9.99%) of the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. However, any holder of a pre-funded warrant may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 19.99% upon at least 61 days prior notice from the holder to us. For purposes of the foregoing, attribution affiliates means, collectively, the following persons and entities with respect to any holder: (i) its direct or indirect affiliates, (ii) any person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Section 13(d) group together with the holder or any attribution parties and (iii) any other persons whose beneficial ownership of our common stock would or could be aggregated with the holder and/or any other attribution parties for purposes of Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Exercise Price
The exercise price per whole share of our common stock purchasable upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants is $0.0001 per share of common stock. The exercise price of the pre-funded warrants and the number of shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.
Transferability
Subject to applicable laws, the pre-funded warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent. The ownership of the pre-funded warrants and any transfers of the pre-funded warrants will be registered in a warrant register maintained by the warrant agent. We will initially act as warrant agent.
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Exchange Listing
There is no established trading market for the pre-funded warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. We do not plan on applying to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other national securities exchange or any nationally recognized trading system.
Fundamental Transactions
In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the pre-funded warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding common stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of more than 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding common stock, the holders of the pre-funded warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the pre-funded warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction without regard to any limitations on exercise contained in the pre-funded warrants.
Rights as a Stockholder
Except by virtue of such holders ownership of shares of our common stock, the holder of a pre-funded warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the pre-funded warrant.
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We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $156.6 million (or $179.9 million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will receive nominal proceeds, if any, from any exercise of pre-funded warrants.
We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, to fund our ongoing and planned preclinical and clinical development of our most advanced product candidates, including SC291 and SC262, and support the investigator-sponsored trial of UP421, the continued development of our preclinical product candidates, including SC451 and SC379, and our earlier-stage research programs, and for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
We may also use a portion of the remaining net proceeds and our existing cash and cash equivalents to in-license, acquire or invest in complementary businesses, technologies, products, or assets. However, we currently have no agreements or commitments to complete any such transaction.
The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures of the net proceeds from this offering will depend on numerous factors, including our development and commercialization efforts with respect to our product candidates, as well as the amount of cash used in our operations. We therefore cannot estimate with certainty the amount of net proceeds to be used for the purposes described above. We may find it necessary or advisable to use the net proceeds for other purposes, and we will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds. Pending the uses described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds, if any, from this offering in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities.
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If you invest in our common stock or pre-funded warrants in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share of our common stock or pre-funded warrant and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after this offering.
Our historical net tangible book value as of September 30, 2023 was approximately $365.9 million, or $1.86 per share of common stock. Historical net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets, less total liabilities, by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2023.
Without taking into account any other changes in our historical net tangible book value after September 30, 2023, other than to give effect to the issuance and sale of 17,272,728 shares of our common stock in this offering at the public offering price of $5.50 per share, and pre-funded warrants to purchase 12,727,272 shares of common stock at the public offering price of $5.4999 per pre-funded warrant (which equals the public offering price of the common stock at which shares of our common stock are being sold to the public in this offering less the $0.0001 per share exercise price of each such pre-funded warrant) (excluding shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants, any proceeds which may be received upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants or any resulting accounting associated with the exercise of the pre-funded warrants), and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2023 would have been $522.5 million, or $2.44 per share. This represents an immediate increase of $0.58 in as adjusted net tangible book value per share to existing stockholders and immediate dilution of $3.06 in as adjusted net tangible book value per share to investors participating in this offering. Dilution per share to investors purchasing shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants in this offering is determined by subtracting as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the public offering price per share paid by investors purchasing shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants in this offering. The following table illustrates this calculation on a per share basis:
Public offering price per share |
$ | 5.50 | ||||||
Historical net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2023 |
$ | 1.86 | ||||||
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to investors purchasing shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants in this offering |
$ | 0.58 | ||||||
|
|
|||||||
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering |
$ | 2.44 | ||||||
|
|
|||||||
Dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering |
$ | 3.06 | ||||||
|
|
Assuming the pre-funded warrants were immediately and fully exercised, this would result in an as adjusted net tangible book value, after giving effect to this offering and warrant exercise, of $2.30 per share. This represents an increase in net tangible book value of $0.44 per share to existing stockholders and dilution in net tangible book value per share of $3.20 to new investors participating in this offering.
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, the dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value per share to investors participating in this offering would be $3.01 per share.
The foregoing tables and calculations (other than historical net tangible book value) are based on 197,062,884 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2023, and exclude:
| 29,385,343 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options as of September 30, 2023, with a weighted-average exercise price of $6.79 per share; |
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| 359,480 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options granted subsequent to September 30, 2023, with a weighted-average exercise price of $3.97 per share; |
| 1,677,955 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units granted as of September 30, 2023; |
| 975,568 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units granted subsequent to September 30, 2023; |
| 16,456,229 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Incentive Award Plan as of September 30, 2023, as well as an automatic increase of 9,890,934 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Incentive Award Plan that became effective on January 1, 2024 in accordance with its terms and any additional automatic increases in the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder; and |
| 4,814,262 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of September 30, 2023, as well as an automatic increase of 1,978,186 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan that became effective on January 1, 2024 in accordance with its terms and any additional automatic increases in the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder. |
In addition, the number of shares outstanding immediately after this offering does not include shares of common stock that we have sold since September 30, 2023 and may offer and sell in the future in at-the-market offerings pursuant to the Sales Agreement. Between October 1, 2023 and the date of this prospectus supplement, we sold an aggregate of 150,000 shares of our common stock for net proceeds of approximately $1.1 million, after deducting $0.03 million of commissions and other offering expenses payable to Cowen, and up to $119.4 million of shares of our common stock remains available for future sale, provided no sales shall be made under the Sales Agreement until the earlier of the underwriters exercising their option to purchase additional shares in full or the 30th day following the date of this prospectus supplement.
If any additional shares are issued, including in connection with the exercise of options, the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units or if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock, you may experience further dilution.
The as adjusted information discussed above will be based on the number of shares, the offering price and other terms determined at pricing of this offering.
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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES TO NON-U.S. HOLDERS
The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock and pre-funded warrants acquired in this offering, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all the potential tax considerations relating thereto. This summary is based upon the provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, administrative rulings and judicial decisions, all as of the date hereof. These authorities may be changed, possibly retroactively, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those set forth below. We have not sought, and do not intend to seek, any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following summary, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will agree with such statements and conclusions.
This summary also does not address the tax considerations arising under the laws of any non-U.S., state or local jurisdiction, under U.S. federal gift and estate tax rules nor does it address any aspects of the alternative minimum tax, the special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code, or the Medicare tax on net investment income. In addition, this discussion does not address tax considerations applicable to an investors particular circumstances or to investors that may be subject to special tax rules, including, without limitation:
| banks, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts or other financial institutions; |
| tax-exempt organizations or governmental organizations; |
| pension plans and tax-qualified retirement plans; |
| controlled foreign corporations, passive foreign investment companies and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax; |
| brokers or dealers in securities or currencies; |
| traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings; |
| persons that own, or are deemed to own, more than five percent of our capital stock and/or pre-funded warrants (except to the extent specifically set forth below); |
| certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States; |
| persons who acquired our common stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option or otherwise as compensation; |
| persons who hold our common stock or pre-funded warrants as a position in a hedging transaction, straddle, conversion transaction or other risk reduction transaction; |
| persons who do not hold our common stock or pre-funded warrants as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment); or |
| persons deemed to sell our common stock or pre-funded warrants under the constructive sale provisions of the Code. |
In addition, if a partnership, entity or arrangement classified as a partnership or flow-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our common stock or pre-funded warrants, the tax treatment of a partner in such partnership or other entity generally will depend on the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership or other entity. A partner in a partnership or other such entity that will hold our common stock or pre-funded warrants should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants through a partnership or other such entity, as applicable.
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You are urged to consult your tax advisor with respect to the application of the U.S. federal income tax laws to your particular situation, as well as any tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock, or pre-funded warrants, arising under the U.S. federal gift or estate tax rules or under the laws of any state, local, non-U.S. or other taxing jurisdiction or under any applicable tax treaty.
U.S. Holder and Non-U.S. Holder Defined
For purposes of this discussion, you are a U.S. holder if you are a beneficial owner (other than a partnership or other entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) of our common stock or pre-funded warrants that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is:
| an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof, or otherwise treated as such for U.S. federal income tax purposes; |
| an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or |
| a trust (1) whose administration is subject to the primary supervision of a U.S. court and that has one or more U.S. persons (within the meaning of the Code) who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) that has made a valid election under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
For purposes of this discussion, you are a non-U.S. holder if you are a beneficial owner of our common stock or pre-funded warrants that is not a U.S. holder or a partnership (or other entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes).
General Treatment of Pre-Funded Warrants
Although the law in this area is not completely settled, the pre-funded warrants are generally expected to be treated as outstanding stock for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, upon exercise, no income, gain or loss should be recognized upon the exercise of a pre-funded warrant except to the extent of cash received in exchange for a fractional share, which will be treated as a sale subject to the rules described below under Tax Consequences Applicable to U.S. HoldersGain on Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants, and Tax Consequences Applicable to Non-U.S. HoldersGain on Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants, and the holding period of a pre-funded warrant should carry over to the share of common stock received. The tax basis of the pre-funded warrant should carry over to the share of common stock received upon exercise of the pre-funded warrant increased by the exercise price. If you are contemplating the acquisition of pre-funded warrants, you should discuss with your personal tax advisor the consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the pre-funded warrants, as well as the exercise of, certain adjustments to, and any payments in respect of the pre-funded warrants (including potential alternative characterizations).
Tax Consequences Applicable to U.S. Holders
Distributions
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business. We do not intend to pay cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. However, if we do make distributions on our common stock, those payments will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent those distributions exceed both our current and our accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will
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constitute a return of capital and will first reduce your basis in our common stock, but not below zero, and then will be treated as gain from the sale of stock as described below under Tax Consequences Applicable to U.S. HoldersGain on Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants. If you are a non-corporate U.S. holder, and certain requirements are met, a preferential U.S. federal income tax rate will apply to any dividends paid to you if you meet certain holding period requirements.
If you are a corporate shareholder, distributions constituting dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes will generally be eligible for the dividends received deduction, or DRD. No assurance can be given that we will have sufficient earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles) to cause any distributions to be eligible for a DRD. In addition, a DRD is available only if certain holding periods and other taxable income requirements are satisfied.
The taxation of a distribution received with respect to a pre-funded warrant is unclear. It is possible such a distribution would be treated as a distribution as described in this section, although other treatments may also be possible. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the proper treatment of any payments in respect of the pre-funded warrants.
Gain on Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants
Upon a sale or other taxable disposition of common stock or pre-funded warrants, you generally will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and your adjusted tax basis in the common stock or pre-funded warrant. Capital gain or loss will constitute long-term capital gain or loss if your holding period for the common stock or pre-funded warrant exceeds one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to certain limitations. U.S. holders who recognize losses with respect to a disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants should consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax treatment of such losses.
Certain Adjustments to Pre-Funded Warrants
Under Section 305 of the Code, an adjustment to the number of shares of common stock that will be issued on the exercise of the pre-funded warrants, or an adjustment to the exercise price of the pre-funded warrants, may be treated as a constructive distribution to you of the pre-funded warrants if, and to the extent that, such adjustment has the effect of increasing your proportionate interest in our earnings and profits or assets, depending on the circumstances of such adjustment (for example, if such adjustment is to compensate for a distribution of cash or other property to our shareholders). Any such adjustment that is treated as a constructive distribution would be treated as a dividend, subject to withholding, to the extent described above under Tax Consequences Applicable to U.S. HoldersDistributions. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the proper tax treatment of any such adjustment.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Information reporting requirements generally will apply to payments of dividends (including constructive dividends) on the common stock or pre-funded warrants and to the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of common stock or pre-funded warrants paid to you unless you are an exempt recipient, such as certain corporations. Backup withholding at a current rate of 24% will apply to those payments if you fail to provide your taxpayer identification number (generally in the form of a properly completed and executed IRS Form W-9), or certification of exempt status, or if you otherwise fail to comply with applicable requirements to establish an exemption.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax; rather, the U.S. federal income tax liability of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund or credit may generally be obtained from the IRS, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.
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Tax Consequences Applicable to Non-U.S. Holders
Distributions
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business. We do not intend to pay cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. However, if we do make distributions on our common stock, those payments generally will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent those distributions exceed both our current and our accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will constitute a return of capital and will first reduce your basis in our common stock, but not below zero, and then will be treated as gain from the sale of stock, treated as described below in Tax Consequences Applicable to Non-U.S. HoldersGain on Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants.
Subject to the discussions below on effectively connected income and Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or FATCA, any dividend paid to you generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax either at a rate of 30% of the gross amount of the dividend or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and your country of residence. In order to receive a reduced treaty rate, you must provide the applicable withholding agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or other appropriate version of IRS Form W-8 certifying qualification for the reduced rate. A non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. federal withholding tax pursuant to an income tax treaty may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. If the non-U.S. holder holds our common stock or pre-funded warrants through a financial institution or other agent acting on the non-U.S. holders behalf, the non-U.S. holder will be required to provide appropriate documentation to the agent, which then will be required to provide certification to the applicable withholding agent, either directly or through other intermediaries.
Dividends received by you that are treated as effectively connected with your conduct of a U.S. trade or business (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, such dividends are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by you in the United States) are generally exempt from the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, subject to the discussion below on backup withholding and FATCA. In order to obtain this exemption, you must provide the applicable withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI or other applicable IRS Form W-8 properly certifying such exemption. Such effectively connected dividends, although not subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, are taxed at the same rates applicable to U.S. persons, net of certain deductions and credits, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise. In addition, if you are a corporate non-U.S. holder, dividends you receive that are effectively connected with your conduct of a U.S. trade or business may also be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and your country of residence. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants, including any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
The taxation of a distribution received with respect to a pre-funded warrant is unclear. It is possible such a distribution would be treated as a distribution as described in this section, although other treatments may also be possible. You should consult your own tax advisors regarding the proper treatment of any payments in respect of the pre-funded warrants.
Gain on Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants
Subject to the discussion below regarding backup withholding and FATCA, you generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants unless:
| the gain is effectively connected with your conduct of a U.S. trade or business (and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by you in the United States); |
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| you are an individual who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the calendar year in which the sale or disposition occurs and certain other conditions are met; or |
| our common stock constitutes a United States real property interest by reason of our status as a United States real property holding corporation, or USRPHC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time within the shorter of the five-year period preceding your disposition of, or your holding period for, our common stock. |
We believe that we are not currently and will not become a USRPHC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the remainder of this discussion so assumes. However, because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends on the fair market value of our U.S. real property interests relative to the fair market value of our U.S. and worldwide real property interests plus our other business assets, there can be no assurance that we will not become a USRPHC in the future. Even if we become a USRPHC, however, as long as our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market, your common stock will be treated as a U.S. real property interest only if you actually (directly or indirectly) or constructively hold more than five percent of such regularly traded common stock at any time during the shorter of the five-year period preceding your disposition of, or your holding period for, our common stock. Special rules may apply to non-U.S. holders of pre-funded warrants, who should consult their tax advisors.
If you are a non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet above, you generally will be required to pay tax on the gain derived from the sale (net of certain deductions and credits) under regular U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to U.S. persons, and a corporate non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet above also may be subject to the branch profits tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. If you are an individual non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet above, you will be subject to tax at 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on the gain derived from the sale, which gain may be offset by U.S. source capital losses for the year, provided you have timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses. You should consult your tax advisor regarding any applicable income tax treaties or other agreements that may provide for different rules.
Certain Adjustments to Pre-Funded Warrants
Under Section 305 of the Code, an adjustment to the number of shares of common stock that will be issued on the exercise of the pre-funded warrants, or an adjustment to the exercise price of the pre-funded warrants, may be treated as a constructive distribution to you of the pre-funded warrants if, and to the extent that, such adjustment has the effect of increasing your proportionate interest in our earnings and profits or assets, depending on the circumstances of such adjustment (for example, if such adjustment is to compensate for a distribution of cash or other property to our shareholders). Any such adjustment that is treated as a constructive distribution would be treated as a dividend, subject to withholding, to the extent described above under Tax Consequences Applicable to U.S. HoldersDistributions. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the proper tax treatment of any such adjustment.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Generally, we or the applicable paying agent must report annually to the IRS the amount of dividends paid to you, your name and address, and the amount of tax withheld, if any. A similar report will be sent to you. Pursuant to applicable income tax treaties or other agreements, the IRS may make these reports available to tax authorities in your country of residence.
Payments of dividends on or of proceeds from the disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants made to you will generally be subject to information reporting and backup withholding at a current rate of 24% unless you establish an exemption, for example, by properly certifying your non-U.S. status on a properly
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completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, or W-8ECI or another appropriate version of IRS Form W-8 or you otherwise meet the documentary evidence requirements for establishing that you are not a U.S. person or otherwise establish an exemption. Notwithstanding the foregoing, backup withholding and information reporting may apply if the applicable withholding agent has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that you are a U.S. person.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax; rather, the U.S. federal income tax liability of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund or credit may generally be obtained from the IRS, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
Provisions of the Code commonly referred to as FATCA, Treasury regulations issued thereunder and official IRS guidance generally impose a U.S. federal withholding tax of 30% on dividends on, and, subject to the discussion of certain proposed Treasury regulations below, the gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants, paid to a foreign financial institution (as specially defined under these rules), unless such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to, among other things, withhold on certain payments and to collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding the U.S. account holders of such institution (which includes certain equity and debt holders of such institution, as well as certain account holders that are foreign entities with U.S. owners) or otherwise establishes an exemption from FATCA withholding. FATCA also generally imposes a U.S. federal withholding tax of 30% on dividends on, and, subject to the discussion of certain proposed Treasury regulations below, the gross proceeds from, a sale or other disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants paid to a non-financial foreign entity (as specially defined under these rules), unless such entity provides the withholding agent with a certification identifying the substantial direct and indirect U.S. owners of the entity, certifies that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners, or otherwise establishes an exemption.
The withholding obligations under FATCA generally apply to dividends on our common stock or pre-funded warrants and subject to the proposed Treasury regulations described in the next sentence, will apply to the payment of gross proceeds of a sale or other disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants. The Treasury Department has released proposed Treasury regulations (the preamble to which specifies that taxpayers are permitted to rely on them pending finalization) that, if finalized in their present form, would eliminate the federal withholding tax of 30% applicable to the gross proceeds of a disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants. The withholding tax on dividends will apply regardless of whether the payment otherwise would be exempt from U.S. non-resident and backup withholding tax, including under the exemptions described above. Under certain circumstances, a non-U.S. holder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify the requirements described in this section. Prospective investors are encouraged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the application of FATCA withholding to their investment in, and ownership and disposition of, our common stock or pre-funded warrants.
The preceding discussion of U.S. federal tax considerations is for general information only. It is not tax advice to investors in their particular circumstances. Each prospective investor should consult its own tax advisor regarding the particular U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of our common stock or pre-funded warrants, including the consequences of any proposed change in applicable laws.
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Under the terms and subject to the conditions in an underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus supplement, the underwriters named below, for whom Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and BofA Securities, Inc. are acting as representatives, have severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to them, severally, the number of shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants indicated below:
Underwriter |
Number of Shares |
Number of Pre-Funded Warrants |
||||||
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC |
4,663,637 | 3,436,363 | ||||||
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC |
4,663,637 | 3,436,363 | ||||||
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC |
4,663,637 | 3,436,363 | ||||||
BofA Securities, Inc. |
3,281,817 | 2,418,183 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
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Total |
17,272,728 | 12,727,272 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
The underwriters and the representatives are collectively referred to as the underwriters and the representatives, respectively. The underwriters are offering the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants subject to their acceptance of the shares from us and subject to prior sale. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants offered by this prospectus supplement are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants offered by this prospectus supplement if any such shares or pre-funded warrants are taken. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the shares covered by the underwriters option to purchase additional shares described below.
The underwriters initially propose to offer part of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants directly to the public at the offering prices listed on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and part to certain dealers at a price that represents a concession not in excess of (i) $0.198 per share of common stock under the offering price and (ii) $0.198 per pre-funded warrant under the offering price. After the initial offering of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants, the offering price and other selling terms may from time to time be varied by the representatives.
We have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to 4,500,000 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus supplement, less underwriting discounts and commissions. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter will become obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase about the same percentage of the additional shares of common stock as the number listed next to the underwriters name in the preceding table bears to the total number of shares of common stock listed next to the names of all underwriters in the preceding table.
The following table shows the per share and total public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions, and proceeds before expenses to us, but does not reflect an aggregate of 4,545,453 shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants purchased by certain investors affiliated with our directors, for which the underwriters will not receive any underwriting discounts or commissions on any such shares or pre-funded warrants. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters option to purchase up to an additional 4,500,000 shares of our common stock.
Total | ||||||||||||||||
Per Share |
Per Pre-Funded Warrant |
No Exercise |
Full Exercise |
|||||||||||||
Public offering price |
$ | 5.50 | $ | 5.4999 | $ | 164,998,727.27 | $ | 189,748,727.27 | ||||||||
Underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid by us |
$ | 0.33 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 8,400,000.51 | $ | 9,885,000.51 | ||||||||
Proceeds, before expenses, to us |
$ | 5.17 | $ | 5.1699 | $ | 156,598,726.76 | $ | 179,863,726.76 |
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The estimated offering expenses payable by us, exclusive of the underwriting discounts and commissions, are approximately $0.9 million. We have also agreed to reimburse the underwriters for expenses relating to clearance of this offering with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority up to $40,000. In addition, the underwriters have agreed to reimburse us for approximately $0.9 million of our expenses that we have incurred in connection with this offering.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the trading symbol SANA. There is no established public trading market for the pre-funded warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, any other national securities exchange or any other recognized trading system.
We and all of our directors and officers and certain of our stockholders have agreed that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and BofA Securities, Inc. on behalf of the underwriters, we and they will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, during the period ending 60 days after the date of this prospectus supplement (the Restricted Period):
(1) | offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or otherwise transfer, or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of common stock; |
(2) | submit or file any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock; or |
(3) | enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the common stock, |
whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (3) above is to be settled by delivery of common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. In addition, each such person has agreed that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and BofA Securities, Inc. on behalf of the underwriters, each such other person will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, during the Restricted Period, make any demand for, or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock.
The restrictions described in the immediately preceding paragraph do not apply to us with respect to:
(a) | securities sold pursuant to the underwriting agreement; |
(b) | issuance of securities upon the exercise of options or warrants or conversion of any securities outstanding on the date of this prospectus supplement; |
(c) | grants of options, restricted stock or other equity awards and issuance of securities to employees, officers, directors, advisors, or consultants of our company pursuant to a plan in effect on the date of this prospectus supplement, provided that the recipient of such grants shall sign and deliver a lock-up agreement; |
(d) | filing of a Form S-8; |
(e) | securities issued in connection with any merger, joint venture, strategic alliances, commercial or other collaborative transaction or the acquisition or licenses of the business, property, technology or other assets of another individual or entity or the assumption of an employee benefit plan in connection with a merger or acquisition, provided the aggregate number of securities that we may issue or agree to issue shall not exceed 5% of our total share capital following this offering, and the recipient of such securities shall sign and deliver a lock-up agreement; |
(f) | facilitating the establishment of a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan on behalf of a securityholder, officer or director of our company, provided such plan does not provide for the transfer of securities during the |
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Restricted Period and to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of securities may be made under such plan during the Restricted Period; or |
(g) | the issuance of shares of our common stock in connection with sales under our at-the-market equity offering program pursuant to the Sales Agreement, provided no sales shall be made under the Sales Agreement until the earlier of the underwriters exercising their option to purchase additional shares in full or the 30th day following the date of this prospectus supplement. |
The restrictions described above do not apply to our directors, officers and securityholders with respect to:
(a) | transactions relating to our securities acquired in open market transactions or those purchased after the completion of this offering, provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act or other public announcement shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with subsequent sales of securities acquired in such open market transactions; |
(b) | transfers of our securities as a bona fide gift or to a charitable organization or educational institution in a transfer not involving a disposition for value; |
(c) | distributions or transfers of our securities to partners, members, stockholders or affiliates of the securityholder; |
(d) | facilitating the establishment of a trading plan on behalf of a shareholder, officer, or director of the company pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of shares of our securities, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of our securities during the Restricted Period, (ii) no filing or notification by any party under the Exchange Act or other public announcement shall be made voluntarily in connection with such transfer or distribution and (iii) any required public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act regarding the establishment of such plan during the Restricted Period shall include a statement that the undersigned is not permitted to transfer, sell or otherwise dispose of securities under such plan during the Restricted Period in contravention of the lock-up agreement; |
(e) | transfers or dispositions of shares of securities pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan; provided that such plan was established prior to the execution of the lock-up agreement, and the existence and details of such plan were communicated to the representatives and their counsel; provided, further, that if any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is required to be made in connection with such transfer or disposition, it shall indicate that such transfer or disposition was pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan and no other public announcement shall be required or shall be made voluntarily in connection with such transfer or disposition; |
(f) | transfers or dispositions of our securities to any member of the immediate family of the securityholder or any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the securityholder or the immediate family of the securityholder in a transaction not involving a disposition for value; |
(g) | transfers or dispositions of our securities (i) by will, other testamentary document or intestate succession to the legal representative, heir, beneficiary or a member of the immediate family of the securityholder upon the death of the securityholder, provided no filing or notification by any party under the Exchange Act or other public announcement shall be required or shall be made voluntarily in connection with such transfer or distribution, and (ii) by operation of law pursuant to orders of a court or other regulatory agency, in connection with a negotiated divorce settlement or pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order, provided no public filing, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made and if any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of our securities is required, it shall indicate in the footnotes thereto the nature and conditions of such transfer; |
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(h) | transfers or dispositions of our securities to any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity all of the beneficial ownership interests of which are held by the securityholder or the immediate family of the securityholder; |
(i) | transfers to the securityholders affiliates or to any investment fund or other entity controlled or managed by, controlling or managing, or under common control with, the securityholder; |
(j) | transfers or dispositions of our securities to the Company pursuant to any contractual arrangement in effect on the date of this prospectus supplement and disclosed to the representatives in writing that provides for the repurchase of the securityholders common stock or other securities by us or in connection with the termination of the securityholders employment with or service to us; provided that (i) the repurchase price for any such shares or securities shall not exceed the original purchase price (subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization) paid, and (ii) if the securityholder is required to file a report reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of common stock during the Restricted Period, the securityholder shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that the filing relates to the circumstances described in this clause and no public filing, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made; |
(k) | transfers or dispositions of our securities to us in connection with the exercise of any option or warrant for, shares of our common stock (by way of net or cashless exercise solely to cover withholding tax obligations in connection with such exercise or transfer to the Company for the payment of taxes as a result of such exercise) or transfers or dispositions of our securities to cover tax withholding obligations of the securityholder in connection with a vesting or settlement of our securities; provided that (i) such option or warrant is described in this prospectus supplement (including the documents incorporated by reference herein), or was granted under a stock incentive plan or other equity award plan, which plan is described in this prospectus supplement (including the documents incorporated by reference herein), (ii) any such shares of common stock received by the securityholder shall be subject to the terms of the lock-up agreement and (iii) if the securityholder is required to file a report reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock during the Restricted Period, the securityholder shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that the filing relates to the circumstances described in this clause and that the shares of common stock received upon exercise of the stock option or warrant or vesting event are subject to the lock-up agreement, and no public filing, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made; |
(l) | the exercise on a cash basis of options to purchase shares of our common stock granted under any stock incentive plan or other equity award plan of the company disclosed in this prospectus supplement (including the documents incorporated by reference herein), provided that the underlying shares shall continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in the lock-up agreement, and provided further that any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with regard to this clause (k) shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto that the filing relates to the circumstances described in this clause (k) and no public filings, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made; or |
(m) | transfers of our securities pursuant to a bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, consolidation or other similar transaction made to all holders of our common stock and involving a change of control of our company approved by our board of directors, provided that in the event that the tender offer, merger, consolidation or other such transaction is not completed, the common stock owned by the securityholder shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in the lock-up agreement; |
provided that in the case of any transfer or distribution pursuant to clauses (b), (c), (f), (g), (h) or (i), (x) each transferee, donee or distributee shall sign and deliver a lock-up agreement, (y) no filing or notification by any party (donor, donee, devisee, transferor, transferee, distributer or distributee) under the Exchange Act or other public announcement shall be required or shall be made voluntarily in connection with such transfer or distribution and (z) such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value.
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Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and BofA Securities, Inc., in their sole discretion, may release the common stock and other securities subject to the lock-up agreements described above in whole or in part at any time.
In order to facilitate the offering of the common stock, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the common stock. Specifically, the underwriters may sell more shares than they are obligated to purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short position. A short sale is covered if the short position is no greater than the number of shares available for purchase by the underwriters under the option to purchase additional shares. The underwriters can close out a covered short sale by exercising the option to purchase additional shares or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out a covered short sale, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the open market price of shares compared to the price available under the option to purchase additional shares. The underwriters may also sell shares in excess of the option, creating a naked short position. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. As an additional means of facilitating this offering, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, shares of common stock in the open market to stabilize the price of the common stock. These activities may raise or maintain the market price of the common stock above independent market levels or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of the common stock. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.
We and the underwriters have agreed to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
A prospectus supplement in electronic format may be made available on websites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares of common stock to underwriters for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.
The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for us, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses. For example, certain of the underwriters also served as underwriters in our initial public offering in February 2021.
In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve our securities and instruments. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long or short positions in such securities and instruments.
Selling Restrictions
Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area, or, each a Member State, no shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public
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in that Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants which has been approved by the competent authority in that Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that offers of common stock and pre-funded warrants shares may be made to the public in that Member State at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:
(i) | to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under the Prospectus Regulation; |
(ii) | to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the underwriters; or |
(iii) | in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation, |
provided that no such offer of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation and each person who initially acquires any shares or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with each of the underwriters and us that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of Article 2(e) of the Prospectus Regulation. In the case of any shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in the Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer of any shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to the public other than their offer or resale in a Member State to qualified investors as so defined or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the underwriters have been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an offer to the public in relation to shares in any Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants, and the expression Prospectus Regulation means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.
Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom
No shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in the United Kingdom prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the common stock and pre-funded warrants which has been approved by the Financial Conduct Authority, except that the common stock or pre-funded warrants may be offered to the public in the United Kingdom at any time:
(i) | to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under Article 2 of the U.K. Prospectus Regulation; |
(ii) | to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under Article 2 of the U.K. Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives of the underwriters for any such offer; or |
(iii) | in any other circumstances falling within Section 86 of the FSMA, |
provided that no such offer of the common stock and pre-funded warrants shall require our company or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Section 85 of the FSMA or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the U.K. Prospectus Regulation. For the purposes of this provision, the expression an offer to the public in relation to the common stock and pre-funded warrants in the United Kingdom means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares
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of common stock and pre-funded warrants to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants and the expression U.K. Prospectus Regulation means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.
In addition, in the United Kingdom, this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement is being distributed only to, and is directed only at, and any offer subsequently made may only be directed at persons who are qualified investors (as defined in the Prospectus Regulation) (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended, or the Order, and/or (ii) who are high net worth companies (or persons to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated) falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order, or, all such persons together being referred to as relevant persons, or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public of the shares in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on the information included in this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement or use it as basis for taking any action. In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity that this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement relates to may be made or taken exclusively by relevant persons.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada
The common stock and pre-funded warrants may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the common stock and pre-funded warrants must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchasers province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchasers province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Russia
Under Russian law, shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants may be considered securities of a foreign issuer. Neither we, nor this prospectus, nor the accompanying prospectus supplement, nor shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants have been, or are intended to be, registered with the Central Bank of the Russian Federation under the Federal Law No. 39-FZ On Securities Market dated April 22, 1996 (as amended, the Russian Securities Law), and none of the shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants are intended to be, or may be offered, sold or delivered, directly or indirectly, or offered or sold to any person for reoffering or re-sale, directly or indirectly, in the territory of the Russian Federation or to any resident of the Russian Federation, except pursuant to the applicable laws and regulations of the Russian Federation.
The information provided in this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement does not constitute any representation with respect to the eligibility of any recipients of this prospectus or the accompanying
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prospectus supplement to acquire shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants under the laws of the Russian Federation, including, without limitation, the Russian Securities Law and other applicable legislation.
This prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement is not to be distributed or reproduced (in whole or in part) in the Russian Federation by the recipients of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement. Recipients of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement undertake not to offer, sell or deliver, directly or indirectly, or offer or sell to any person for reoffering or re-sale, directly or indirectly, shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants in the territory of the Russian Federation or to any resident of the Russian Federation, except pursuant to the applicable laws and regulations of the Russian Federation.
Recipients of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement understand that respective receipt/acquisition of shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants is subject to restrictions and regulations applicable from the Russian law perspective.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland
The common stock and pre-funded warrants may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange, or SIX, or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement does not constitute a prospectus within the meaning of, and has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this prospectus, nor the accompanying prospectus supplement nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the common stock or pre-funded warrants or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus supplement, nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, us or the common stock and pre-funded warrants have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement will not be filed with, and the offer of common stock and pre-funded warrants will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority, or FINMA, and the offer of common stock and pre-funded warrants has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes, or CISA. The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of common stock and pre-funded warrants.
Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC)
This prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Markets Rules 2012 of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA). This prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Markets Rules 2012 of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus, nor the accompanying prospectus supplement nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement. The securities to which this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the securities offered should conduct their own due diligence on the securities. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement you should consult an authorized financial advisor.
In relation to its use in the DIFC, this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement is strictly private and confidential and is being distributed to a limited number of investors and must not be provided to any person other than the original recipient, and may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose. The interests in the securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly to the public in the DIFC.
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Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia
This prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement:
| does not constitute a disclosure document or a prospectus under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) (Corporations Act); |
| has not been, and will not be, lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), as a disclosure document for the purposes of the Corporations Act and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document for the purposes of the Corporations Act; and |
| may only be provided in Australia to select investors who are able to demonstrate that they fall within one or more of the categories of investors, available under section 708 of the Corporations Act, Exempt Investors. |
The common stock or pre-funded warrants may not be directly or indirectly offered for subscription or purchased or sold, and no invitations to subscribe for or buy the common stock or pre-funded warrants may be issued, and no draft or definitive offering memorandum, advertisement or other offering material relating to any shares may be distributed in Australia, except where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act or is otherwise in compliance with all applicable Australian laws and regulations. By submitting an application for the common stock or pre-funded warrants, you represent and warrant to us that you are an Exempt Investor.
As any offer of common stock or pre-funded warrants under this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement will be made without disclosure in Australia under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act, the offer of those securities for resale in Australia within 12 months may, under section 707 of the Corporations Act, require disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D.2 if none of the exemptions in section 708 applies to that resale. By applying for the common stock or pre-funded warrants you undertake to us that you will not, for a period of 12 months from the date of issue of the common stock or pre-funded warrants, offer, transfer, assign or otherwise alienate those common stock or pre-funded warrants to investors in Australia except in circumstances where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act or where a compliant disclosure document is prepared and lodged with ASIC.
Notice to Prospective Investors in New Zealand
The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants offered hereby have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly in New Zealand and no offering materials or advertisements have been or will be distributed in relation to any offer of shares in New Zealand, in each case other than:
(a) | to persons whose principal business is the investment of money or who, in the course of and for the purposes of their business, habitually invest money; or |
(b) | to persons who in all the circumstances can properly be regarded as having been selected otherwise than as members of the public; or |
(c) | to persons who are each required to pay a minimum subscription price of at least NZ$500,000 for the shares before the allotment of those shares (disregarding any amounts payable, or paid, out of money lent by the issuer or any associated person of the issuer); or |
(d) | in other circumstances where there is no contravention of the Securities Act 1978 of New Zealand (or any statutory modification or re-enactment of, or statutory substitution for, the Securities Act 1978 of New Zealand). |
Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong
The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document, other than (i) to professional investors as defined in the
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Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong), or the SFO, of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder; or (ii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a prospectus as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong), or the CO, or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the CO. No advertisement, invitation or document relating to the common stock and pre-funded warrants has been or may be issued or has been or may be in the possession of any person for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional investors as defined in the SFO and any rules made thereunder.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan
The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants have not been and will not be registered pursuant to Article 4, Paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act. Accordingly, none of the common stock and pre-funded warrants nor any interest therein may be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan in effect at the relevant time.
Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore
Singapore SFA Product Classification In connection with Section 309B of the SFA and the CMP Regulations 2018, unless otherwise specified before an offer of shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants, we have determined, and hereby notify all relevant persons (as defined in Section 309A(1) of the SFA), that the shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants are prescribed capital markets products (as defined in the CMP Regulations 2018) and Excluded Investment Products (as defined in MAS Notice SFA 04-N12: Notice on the Sale of Investment Products and MAS Notice FAA-N16: Notice on Recommendations on Investment Products).
Each underwriter has acknowledged that this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, each underwriter has represented and agreed that it has not offered or sold any shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants or caused the common stock or pre-funded warrants to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase and will not offer or sell any shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants or cause the common stock or pre-funded warrants to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, and has not circulated or distributed, nor will it circulate or distribute, this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus or any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the common stock or pre-funded warrants, whether directly or indirectly, to any person in Singapore other than:
(i) | to an institutional investor (as defined in Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289) of Singapore, as modified or amended from time to time, or the SFA) pursuant to Section 274 of the SFA; |
(ii) | to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA; or |
(iii) | otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA. |
Where the shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:
(i) | a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or |
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(ii) | a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor, securities or securities-based derivatives contracts (each term as defined in Section 2(1) of the SFA) of that corporation or the beneficiaries rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except: |
(a) | to an institutional investor or to a relevant person, or to any person arising from an offer referred to in Section 276(4)(i)(B) of the SFA, |
(b) | where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, |
(c) | where the transfer is by operation of law, |
(d) | as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or |
(e) | as specified in Regulation 37A of the Securities and Futures (Offers of Investments) (Securities and Securities-based Derivatives Contracts) Regulations 2018. |
Notice to Prospective Investors in Israel
In the State of Israel this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement shall not be regarded as an offer to the public to purchase shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968, which requires a prospectus to be published and authorized by the Israel Securities Authority, if it complies with certain provisions of Section 15 of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968, including, inter alia, if: (i) the offer is made, distributed or directed to not more than 35 investors, subject to certain conditions, or the Addressed Investors; or (ii) the offer is made, distributed or directed to certain qualified investors defined in the First Addendum of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968, subject to certain conditions, or the Qualified Investors. The Qualified Investors shall not be taken into account in the count of the Addressed Investors and may be offered to purchase securities in addition to the 35 Addressed Investors. The company has not and will not take any action that would require it to publish a prospectus in accordance with and subject to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968. We have not and will not distribute this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement or make, distribute or direct an offer to subscribe for our common stock or pre-funded warrants to any person within the State of Israel, other than to Qualified Investors and up to 35 Addressed Investors.
Qualified Investors may have to submit written evidence that they meet the definitions set out in of the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968. In particular, we may request, as a condition to be offered common stock or pre-funded warrants, that Qualified Investors will each represent, warrant and certify to us and/or to anyone acting on our behalf: (i) that it is an investor falling within one of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968; (ii) which of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968 regarding Qualified Investors is applicable to it; (iii) that it will abide by all provisions set forth in the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968 and the regulations promulgated thereunder in connection with the offer to be issued common stock or pre-funded warrants; (iv) that the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants that it will be issued are, subject to exemptions available under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968: (a) for its own account; (b) for investment purposes only; and (c) not issued with a view to resale within the State of Israel, other than in accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728 1968; and (v) that it is willing to provide further evidence of its Qualified Investor status. Addressed Investors may have to submit written evidence in respect of their identity and may have to sign and submit a declaration containing, inter alia, the Addressed Investors name, address and passport number or Israeli identification number.
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The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, P.C., Palo Alto, California. The underwriters are being represented in connection with this offering by Cooley LLP, San Francisco, California.
Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as set forth in their report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLPs report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act, of which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus form a part. For further information about us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus supplement, you should refer to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed with the registration statement. With respect to the statements contained in this prospectus supplement regarding the contents of any agreement or any other document, in each instance, the statement is qualified in all respects by the complete text of the agreement or document, a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.
We file reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. The SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
Our website address is sana.com. The information on our website, or that can be accessed through our website, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus supplement.
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The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with them which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. Any statement contained in a previously filed document incorporated by reference will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus supplement modifies or replaces that statement. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future information filed (rather than furnished) with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act between the date of this prospectus supplement and the termination of this offering, including all such reports and other documents filed with the SEC after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement, provided, however, that we are not incorporating any information furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of any current report on Form 8-K:
| our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2023; |
| the sections of our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023 incorporated by reference in our 2022 Annual Report; |
| our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended on March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 8, 2023; |
| our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended on June 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on August 3, 2023; |
| our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended on September 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on November 8, 2023; |
| our Current Reports on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 26, 2023 and January 26, 2023, April 10, 2023, April 28, 2023, June 9, 2023, August 21, 2023, October 10, 2023, and February 7, 2024; and |
| the description of our common stock contained in Exhibit 4.3 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021, including any amendments or reports filed with the SEC for the purposes of updating this description. |
The SEC maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information about issuers, such as us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is http://www.sec.gov. These documents may also be accessed on our website at www.sana.com. These website addresses, and the website addresses included in any documents incorporated by reference herein, are not intended to function as hyperlinks, and the information contained on such websites and on the SECs website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and you should not consider it a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
We will furnish without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus but not delivered herewith, including exhibits that are incorporated by reference to these documents by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Sana Biotechnology, Inc.
188 East Blaine Street, Suite 400
Seattle, Washington 98102
(206) 701-7914
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PROSPECTUS
Sana Biotechnology, Inc.
$350,000,000
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Debt Securities
Warrants
Units
We may offer and sell up to $350,000,000 in the aggregate of the securities identified above from time to time in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities.
Each time we offer and sell securities, we will provide a supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the offering and the amounts, prices, and terms of the securities. The supplement may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement before you invest in any of our securities.
We may offer and sell the securities described in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement to or through one or more underwriters, dealers, and agents, or directly to purchasers, or through a combination of these methods. If any underwriters, dealers, or agents are involved in the sale of any of the securities, their names and any applicable purchase price, fee, commission, or discount arrangement between or among them will be set forth, or will be calculable from the information set forth, in the applicable prospectus supplement. See the sections of this prospectus titled About this Prospectus and Plan of Distribution for more information. No securities may be sold without delivery of this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such securities.
INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES RISKS. SEE THE RISK FACTORS ON PAGE 6 OF THIS PROSPECTUS AND ANY SIMILAR SECTION CONTAINED IN THE APPLICABLE PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT CONCERNING FACTORS YOU SHOULD CONSIDER BEFORE INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES.
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol SANA. On March 14, 2023, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market was $3.44 per share.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is May 1, 2023.
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This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a shelf registration process. By using a shelf registration statement, we may sell securities from time to time and in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of $350,000,000, as described in this prospectus. Each time that we offer and sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the securities being offered and sold and the specific terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, you should rely on the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, as applicable. Before purchasing any securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement (and any applicable free writing prospectuses), together with the additional information described under the heading Where You Can Find More Information; Incorporation by Reference.
We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement, or any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We will not make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement to this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on its respective cover, that the information appearing in any applicable free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date of that free writing prospectus, and that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, unless we indicate otherwise. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may contain and incorporate by reference, market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. In addition, the market and industry data and forecasts that may be included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any applicable free writing prospectus may involve estimates, assumptions, and other risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading Risk Factors contained in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.
When we refer to Sana Biotechnology, Sana, the Company, we, us, and our in this prospectus, we mean Sana Biotechnology, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified. When we refer to you, we mean the potential holders of the applicable series of securities.
SANA BIOTECHNOLOGY, the Sana Biotechnology logos, and other trade names, trademarks, or service marks of Sana Biotechnology appearing in this prospectus are the property of Sana Biotechnology. Other trade names, trademarks, or service marks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders. Solely for convenience, trade names, trademarks, and service marks referred to in this prospectus appear without the ®, , and SM symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trade names, trademarks, and service marks.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION; INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Available Information
We file reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy, and information statements and other information about issuers, including us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
Our website address is www.sana.com. The information on, or accessible through, our website, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have included our website address as an inactive textual reference only.
This prospectus and any prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided above. Forms of the indenture and other documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are or may be filed as exhibits to the registration statement or documents incorporated by reference in the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters.
Incorporation by Reference
The SECs rules allow us to incorporate by reference information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, and subsequent information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede that information. Any statement contained in this prospectus or a previously filed document incorporated by reference will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or a subsequently filed document incorporated by reference modifies or replaces that statement.
We incorporate by reference our documents listed below and any future filings made by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, between the date of this prospectus and the termination of the offering of the securities described in this prospectus. We are not, however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions thereof, whether specifically listed below or filed in the future, that are not deemed filed with the SEC, including any Compensation Committee report and performance graph or any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K.
This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement incorporate by reference the documents set forth below that have previously been filed with the SEC:
| our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2023; |
| our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 26, 2023 and January 26, 2023; and |
| the description of our common stock contained in Exhibit 4.3 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021, including any amendments or reports filed with the SEC for the purposes of updating this description. |
All reports and other documents we subsequently file pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the termination of this offering, including all such reports and other documents filed with the SEC after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement, but excluding any information furnished to, rather than
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filed with, the SEC, will also be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and deemed to be part of this prospectus from the date of the filing of such reports and documents.
You may request a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Sana Biotechnology, Inc.
188 East Blaine Street, Suite 400
Seattle, Washington 98102
(206) 701-7914
Attention: Investor Relations
Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.
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We were founded on the belief that engineered cells will be one of the most important transformations in medicine over the next several decades. Damage to cells is the underlying pathology of almost every human disease, and we believe the ability to replace or repair damaged cells through cellular engineering can address the underlying root cause of a host of diseases. We view engineered cells as having the potential to be as therapeutically disruptive as biologics to clinical practice. Our long-term aspirations are to be able to control or modify any gene in the body, to replace any cell that is damaged or missing, and to markedly improve access to cellular and gene-based medicines. We have brought together an experienced group of scientists, engineers, and company builders and equipped them with technologies to move this vision forward. We are developing ex vivo and in vivo cell engineering platforms to revolutionize treatment across a broad array of therapeutic areas with unmet treatment needs, including oncology, diabetes, central nervous system disorders, and genetic disorders, among others. We expect clinical data from our CD19-targeted allogenic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T program, SC291, in 2023. We also continue to make progress on developing our cell engineering platforms and advancing our product candidates through preclinical development, with the goal of submitting multiple Investigational New Drug applications, or INDs, in 2023 and beyond.
Frequently in disease, cells are damaged or missing entirely, and an effective therapy needs to replace the entire cell, an approach referred to as cell therapy or ex vivo cell engineering. A successful therapeutic requires large-scale manufacturing of cells that engraft, function, and persist in the body. Of these, we view cell persistence as the greatest current limitation to dramatically expanding the impact of this class of therapeutics, and in particular, overcoming the barrier of immune rejection of transplanted allogeneic cells. This challenge has led many to focus on autologous, or a patients own, cells as the therapeutic source. However, autologous therapies require a complex process of harvesting cells from patients, manipulating them outside the body, and returning them to the patient. Products using this approach have had to manage significant challenges such as scalability, product variability, product quality, cost, patient accessibility, and limits with respect to the types of cells that are amenable to this approach. Given these limitations, rather than using autologous cells to address the challenge of immune rejection, we have invested in developing our hypoimmune technology to create cells that can hide from the patients immune system to enable persistence of allogeneic cells. We are striving to make therapies using pluripotent stem cells with our hypoimmune genetic modifications as the starting material, which we then differentiate into a specific cell type, such as a pancreatic islet cell, before treating the patient. Additionally, there are cell types for which effective differentiation protocols from a stem cell have not yet been developed, such as T cells. For such cell types, instead of starting from a pluripotent stem cell, we can use a fully differentiated allogeneic cell, sourced from a donor, as the starting material to which we then apply our hypoimmune genetic modifications.
The process of repairing and controlling genes in the body, referred to as gene therapy or in vivo cell engineering, requires both in vivo delivery of a therapeutic payload and genome modification. Of these, we view effective in vivo delivery as the greatest current limitation to dramatically expanding the impact of this class of therapeutics. To this end, our initial focus is on cell-specific delivery as well as increasing the diversity and size of payloads, with our ultimate goal being the delivery of any payload, to any cell, in a specific and repeatable way. We have shown in preclinical studies that our fusogen technology can specifically target numerous cell surface receptors that, when combined with delivery vehicles to form fusosomes, allow cell-specific delivery across multiple different cell types. We have initially chosen to focus our fusogen technology on two cell types: T cells and hematopoietic stem cells.
We believe the time is right to develop engineered cell therapies across a broad range of therapeutic areas. Substantial progress in the understanding of genetics, gene editing, gene control, protein engineering, stem cell biology, immunology, process analytics, and computational biology have converged to create an opportunity to markedly increase the breadth and depth of the potential impact of genetic and cellular medicines. We are focused on creating transformative ex vivo and in vivo engineered cell therapies across a range of therapeutic
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areas. We are in the early stages of development across a broad pipeline of product candidates, which are summarized below:
We were founded in July 2018 as a Delaware corporation. Our principal executive offices are located at 188 East Blaine Street, Suite 400, Seattle, Washington 98102, and our telephone number is (206) 701-7914. Our website address is www.sana.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference herein. We have included our website address as an inactive textual reference only. We also use our website as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.
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Investment in any securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement involves risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, or Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all other information contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act, and the risk factors and other information contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus before acquiring any of such securities. The occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities.
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The following summary describes our capital stock and the material provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws, the amended and restated investors rights agreement to which we and certain of our stockholders are parties, and of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or the DGCL. Because the following is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. For a complete description, you should refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, and amended and restated investors rights agreement, copies of which are incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
General
Our authorized capital stock consists of 750,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
Common Stock
Outstanding Shares
As of December 31, 2022, we had 191,033,332 shares of our common stock outstanding, including 11,675 shares of unvested restricted common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2022, held of record by 53 stockholders. The actual number of stockholders is greater than the number of record holders and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.
Voting Rights
Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors. Our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the voting shares are able to elect all of the directors. In addition, the affirmative vote of holders of 66-2/3% of the voting power of all of the then outstanding voting stock is required to take certain actions, including amending certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, such as the provisions relating to amending our amended and restated bylaws, the classified board and director liability.
Dividends
Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.
Liquidation
In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities, subject to the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then outstanding shares of preferred stock.
Rights, Preferences, and Privileges
Holders of our common stock have no preemptive, conversion, or subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. The rights, preferences, and privileges of the holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.
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Preferred Stock
Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions thereof. These rights, preferences, and privileges could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting, or the designation of, such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of our common stock. The issuance of our preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and the likelihood that such holders will receive dividend payments and payments upon our liquidation. In addition, the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company or other corporate action. As of December 31, 2022, no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.
Stock Options
As of December 31, 2022, we had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 23,686,340 shares of our common stock, with a weighted-average exercise price of $7.79 per share, under our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and 2021 Incentive Award Plan.
Restricted Stock Units
As of December 31, 2022, we had 884,878 outstanding restricted stock units subject to vesting conditions under our Restricted Stock Unit Plan and 2021 Incentive Award Plan.
Registration Rights
Certain holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to certain rights with respect to registration of their shares under the Securities Act. These shares are referred to as registrable securities. The holders of these registrable securities possess registration rights pursuant to the terms of our amended and restated investors rights agreement and are described in additional detail below. The registration of shares of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of the registration rights described below would enable the holders to trade these shares without restriction under the Securities Act when the applicable registration statement is declared effective. We will pay the registration expenses, other than underwriting discounts, selling commissions and stock transfer taxes, of the shares registered pursuant to the demand, piggyback, and Form S-3 registrations described below.
Generally, in an underwritten offering, the managing underwriter, if any, has the right, subject to specified conditions and limitations, to limit the number of shares the holders may include. The demand, piggyback, and Form S-3 registration rights described below will terminate upon the earliest of (i) with respect to each stockholder, such date on which all registrable shares held by such stockholder may immediately be sold during any 90-day period pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act, or Rule 144; and (ii) the occurrence of a deemed liquidation event, as defined in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as currently in effect.
Demand Registration Rights
As of December 31, 2022, holders of approximately 82.3 million shares of our common stock were entitled to certain demand registration rights. Certain major investors holding, collectively, at least 40% of registrable securities may, on not more than two occasions, request that we register all or a portion of their shares, subject to certain specified exceptions. If any of these holders exercises its demand registration rights, then holders of approximately 82.3 million shares of our common stock are entitled to register their shares, subject to specified conditions and limitations in the corresponding offering.
Piggyback Registration Rights
In the event that we propose to register any of our securities under the Securities Act in an underwritten registered offering, either for our own account or for the account of other security holders, the holders of
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registrable securities will be entitled to certain piggyback registration rights allowing them to include their shares in such registration, subject to specified conditions and limitations.
S-3 Registration Rights
As of December 31, 2022, holders of approximately 82.3 million shares of our common stock were entitled to certain Form S-3 registration rights. Certain major investors holding at least 25% of registrable securities may, on not more than two registrations on Form S-3 within any 12-month period, request that we register all or a portion of their shares on Form S-3 if we are qualified to file a registration statement on Form S-3, subject to specified exceptions. Such request for registration on Form S-3 must cover securities with an aggregate offering price which equals or exceeds $15.0 million, net of selling expenses. The right to have such shares registered on Form S-3 is further subject to other specified conditions and limitations.
Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, our Amended and Restated Bylaws, Delaware Law, and Washington Law
Some provisions of Delaware law, Washington law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and our amended and restated bylaws could make the following transactions more difficult: acquisition of us by means of a tender offer; acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or removal of our incumbent officers and directors. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish or could deter transactions that stockholders may otherwise consider to be in their best interest or in our best interests, including transactions that might result in a premium over the market price for our shares.
These provisions, summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Delaware Business Combination Statute
We have elected to be subject to Section 203 of the DGCL. Section 203 prevents an interested stockholder, which is defined generally as a person owning 15% or more of a corporations voting stock, or any affiliate or associate of that person, from engaging in a broad range of business combinations with the corporation for three years after becoming an interested stockholder unless:
| the board of directors of the corporation had previously approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
| upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, that person owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, other than statutorily excluded shares; or |
| following the transaction in which that person became an interested stockholder, the business combination is approved by the board of directors of the corporation and holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested stockholder. |
Under Section 203, the restrictions described above also do not apply to specific business combinations proposed by an interested stockholder following the announcement or notification of designated extraordinary transactions involving the corporation and a person who had not been an interested stockholder during the previous three years or who became an interested stockholder with the approval of a majority of the corporations directors, if such extraordinary transaction is approved or not opposed by a majority of the directors who were directors prior to any person becoming an interested stockholder during the previous three years or were recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors.
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Section 203 may make it more difficult for a person who would be an interested stockholder to effect various business combinations with a corporation for a three-year period. Section 203 also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management and could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that our stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.
Washington Business Corporation Act
The laws of Washington, where our principal executive offices are located, impose restrictions on certain transactions between certain foreign corporations and significant stockholders. In particular, the Washington Business Corporation Act, or WBCA, prohibits a target corporation, with certain exceptions, from engaging in certain significant business transactions with a person or group of persons that beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting securities of the target corporation, an acquiring person, for a period of five years after such acquisition, unless the transaction or acquisition of shares is approved by a majority of the members of the target corporations board of directors prior to the time of acquisition. Such prohibited transactions may include, among other things:
| any merger or consolidation with, disposition of assets to, or issuance or redemption of stock to or from, the acquiring person; |
| any termination of 5% or more of the employees of the target corporation as a result of the acquiring persons acquisition of 10% or more of the shares; and |
| allowing the acquiring person to receive any disproportionate benefit as a stockholder. |
After the five-year period, a significant business transaction may take place as long as it complies with certain fair price provisions of the statute or is approved at an annual or special meeting of stockholders.
We will be considered a target corporation so long as our principal executive office is located in Washington, and: (i) a majority of our employees are residents of the state of Washington or we employ more than one thousand residents of the state of Washington; (ii) a majority of our tangible assets, measured by market value, are located in the state of Washington or we have more than $50.0 million worth of tangible assets located in the state of Washington; and (iii) any one of the following: (a) more than 10% of our stockholders of record are resident in the state of Washington; (b) more than 10% of our shares are owned of record by state residents; or (c) 1,000 or more of our stockholders of record are resident in the state.
If we meet the definition of a target corporation, the WBCA may have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change of control.
Election and Removal of Directors; Vacancies
Our directors are elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares of our capital stock present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Because our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, stockholders holding a majority of the shares of our common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for the removal of any of our directors only for cause only by an affirmative vote of shares representing not less than a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors. Furthermore, any vacancy occurring on our board of directors and any newly created directorship may be filled only by a majority of the remaining directors in office. This system of electing and removing directors and filling vacancies may tend to discourage a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, because it generally makes it more difficult for stockholders to replace a majority of the directors.
Staggered Board
Our board of directors is divided into three classes. The directors in each class serve for a three-year term, one class being elected each year by our stockholders, with staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors
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will be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms.
Limitation on Action by Written Consent
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that holders of our common stock are not able to act by written consent without a meeting.
Stockholder Meetings
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board, our chief executive officer (or president, in the absence of a chief executive officer), or a majority of the directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws specifically deny any power of any other person to call a special meeting.
Forum Selection
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, or other employee of our company to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws; or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. This provision would not apply to claims brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
Furthermore, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provide that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our shares of capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the foregoing forum selection provisions. Nothing in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws preclude stockholders that assert claims under the Exchange Act from bringing such claims in state or federal court, subject to applicable law.
Our exclusive forum provision will not relieve us of our duties to comply with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, and our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with these laws, rules, and regulations.
The enforceability of similar federal court choice of forum provisions in other companies certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that a court could find this type of provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable. If a court were to find either of the choice of forum provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions.
The choice of forum provisions may limit a stockholders ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with the company or its directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against the company and its directors, officers and other employees and result in increased costs for investors to bring a claim.
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Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
The provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation described under Election and Removal of Directors; Vacancies, Stockholder Meetings, Limitation on Action by Written Consent, Limitations of Liability of Directors and Officers and Indemnification Matters, Common StockVoting Rights, and Forum Selection and provisions relating to amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may be amended only by the affirmative vote of holders of at least 66-2/3% of the voting power of our outstanding shares of voting stock. The affirmative vote of holders of at least a majority of the voting power of our outstanding shares of stock will generally be required to amend other provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. The provisions of the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, and our amended and restated bylaws could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence, they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.
Certain provisions of our amended and restated bylaws may generally be altered, amended, or repealed, and new bylaws may be adopted, with the affirmative vote of a majority of directors present at any regular or special meeting of the board of directors called for that purpose, provided that any alteration, amendment, or repeal of, or adoption of any bylaw inconsistent with specified provisions of the bylaws, including those related to special and annual meetings of stockholders, action of stockholders by written consent, nomination of directors, transfers of capital stock and dividends requires the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of all directors in office at a meeting called for that purpose.
All other provisions of our amended and restated bylaws may generally be altered, amended, or repealed, and new bylaws may be adopted, with the affirmative vote of holders of 66-2/3% of the voting power of our outstanding shares of voting stock.
Other Limitations on Stockholder Actions
Our amended and restated bylaws impose some procedural requirements on stockholders who wish to:
| make nominations in the election of directors; |
| propose that a director be removed; |
| propose any repeal or change in our amended and restated bylaws; or |
| propose any other business to be brought before an annual or special meeting of stockholders. |
Under these procedural requirements, in order to bring a proposal before a meeting of stockholders, a stockholder must deliver timely notice of a proposal pertaining to a proper subject for presentation at the meeting to our corporate secretary along with the following:
| a description of the business or nomination to be brought before the meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting; |
| the stockholders name and address; |
| any material interest of the stockholder in the proposal; |
| the number of shares beneficially owned by the stockholder and evidence of such ownership; and |
| the names and addresses of all persons with whom the stockholder is acting in concert and a description of all arrangements and understandings with those persons, and the number of shares such persons beneficially own. |
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To be timely, a stockholder must generally deliver notice not less than 90 nor more than 120 days prior to the date on which the annual meeting of stockholders was held in the immediately preceding year, but in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after the anniversary date of the preceding annual meeting of stockholders, a stockholder notice will be timely if received by us not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90th day prior to the date of the annual meeting and (ii) the 10th day following the day on which we first publicly announce the date of the annual meeting.
In order to submit a nomination for our board of directors, a stockholder must also submit all information with respect to the nominee that would be required to be included in a proxy statement, as well as other information. If a stockholder fails to follow the required procedures, the stockholders proposal or nominee will be ineligible and will not be voted on by our stockholders.
Limitations of Liability of Directors and Officers and Indemnification Matters
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions that limit the liability of our directors for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Consequently, our directors will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duties as directors, except liability for:
| any breach of the directors duty of loyalty to our company or our stockholders; |
| any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; |
| unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the DGCL; or |
| any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. |
As a result, neither we nor our stockholders have the right, through stockholders derivative suits on our behalf, to recover monetary damages against a director for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, including breaches resulting from grossly negligent behavior, except in the situations described above.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, we will indemnify any officer or director of our company against all damages, claims, and liabilities arising out of the fact that the person is or was our director or officer or served any other enterprise at our request as a director or officer. Amending this provision will not reduce our indemnification obligations relating to actions taken before an amendment.
Listing
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol SANA.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC. The transfer agent and registrars address is 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, summarizes certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a supplement to this prospectus. We will also indicate in the supplement to what extent the general terms and provisions described in this prospectus apply to a particular series of debt securities.
We may issue debt securities either separately, or together with, or upon the conversion or exercise of or in exchange for, other securities described in this prospectus. Debt securities may be our senior, senior subordinated or subordinated obligations and, unless otherwise specified in a supplement to this prospectus, the debt securities will be our direct, unsecured obligations and may be issued in one or more series.
The debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and a third party to be identified therein, as trustee. We have summarized select portions of the indenture below. The summary is not complete. The form of the indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you. In the summary below, we have included references to the section numbers of the indenture so that you can easily locate these provisions. Capitalized terms used in the summary and not defined herein have the meanings specified in the indenture.
As used in this section only, Sana Biotechnology, Sana, the Company, we, us, and our refer to Sana Biotechnology, Inc., unless expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.
General
The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of our board of directors and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a resolution of our board of directors, in an officers certificate or by a supplemental indenture. (Section 2.2) The particular terms of each series of debt securities will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to such series (including any pricing supplement or term sheet).
We can issue an unlimited amount of debt securities under the indenture that may be in one or more series with the same or various maturities, at par, at a premium, or at a discount. (Section 2.1) We will set forth in a prospectus supplement (including any pricing supplement or term sheet) relating to any series of debt securities being offered, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities, if applicable:
| the title and ranking of the debt securities (including the terms of any subordination provisions); |
| the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount) at which we will sell the debt securities; |
| any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities; |
| the date or dates on which the principal of the securities of the series is payable; |
| the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or the method used to determine the rate or rates (including any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the debt securities will bear interest, the date or dates from which interest will accrue, the date or dates on which interest will commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date; |
| the place or places where principal of, and interest, if any, on the debt securities will be payable (and the method of such payment), where the securities of such series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to us in respect of the debt securities may be delivered; |
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| the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which we may redeem the debt securities; |
| any obligation we have to redeem or purchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder of debt securities and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and in the terms and conditions upon which securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation; |
| the dates on which and the price or prices at which we will repurchase debt securities at the option of the holders of debt securities and other detailed terms and provisions of these repurchase obligations; |
| the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof; |
| whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities; |
| the portion of principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the principal amount; |
| the currency of denomination of the debt securities, which may be U.S. dollars or any foreign currency, and if such currency of denomination is a composite currency, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency; |
| the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of principal of, premium and interest on the debt securities will be made; |
| if payments of principal of, premium or interest on the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined; |
| the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index; |
| any provisions relating to any security provided for the debt securities; |
| any addition to, deletion of or change in the Events of Default described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities and any change in the acceleration provisions described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities; |
| any addition to, deletion of or change in the covenants described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities; |
| any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities; |
| the provisions, if any, relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of such series, including if applicable, the conversion or exchange price and period, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange will be mandatory, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion or exchange price and provisions affecting conversion or exchange; |
| any other terms of the debt securities, which may supplement, modify or delete any provision of the indenture as it applies to that series, including any terms that may be required under applicable law or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of the securities; and |
| whether any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries will guarantee the debt securities of that series, including the terms of subordination, if any, of such guarantees. (Section 2.2) |
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We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.
If we denominate the purchase price of any of the debt securities in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, or if the principal of and any premium and interest on any series of debt securities is payable in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, we will provide you with information on the restrictions, elections, general tax considerations, specific terms and other information with respect to that issue of debt securities and such foreign currency or currencies or foreign currency unit or units in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Transfer and Exchange
Each debt security will be represented by either one or more global securities registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company, or the Depositary, or a nominee of the Depositary (we will refer to any debt security represented by a global debt security as a book-entry debt security), or a certificate issued in definitive registered form (we will refer to any debt security represented by a certificated security as a certificated debt security) as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Except as set forth under the heading Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System below, book-entry debt securities will not be issuable in certificated form.
Certificated Debt Securities. You may transfer or exchange certificated debt securities at any office we maintain for this purpose in accordance with the terms of the indenture. (Section 2.4) No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of certificated debt securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with a transfer or exchange. (Section 2.7)
You may effect the transfer of certificated debt securities and the right to receive the principal of, premium and interest on certificated debt securities only by surrendering the certificate representing those certificated debt securities and either reissuance by us or the trustee of the certificate to the new holder or the issuance by us or the trustee of a new certificate to the new holder.
Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System. Each global debt security representing book-entry debt securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary, and registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. Please see Global Securities.
Covenants
We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement any restrictive covenants applicable to any issue of debt securities. (Article IV)
No Protection in the Event of a Change of Control
Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any provisions which may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control) that could adversely affect holders of debt securities.
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Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
We may not consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer, or lease all or substantially all of our properties and assets to any person (we will refer to such person as a successor person) unless:
| we are the surviving entity or the successor person (if other than Sana) is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes our obligations on the debt securities and under the indenture; and |
| immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing. |
Notwithstanding the above, any of our subsidiaries may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties to us. (Section 5.1)
Events of Default
Event of Default means with respect to any series of debt securities, any of the following:
| default in the payment of any interest upon any debt security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of the payment is deposited by us with the trustee or with a paying agent prior to the expiration of the 30-day period); |
| default in the payment of principal of any security of that series at its maturity; |
| default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or warranty by us in the indenture (other than a covenant or warranty that has been included in the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities other than that series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after we receive written notice from the trustee or Sana and the trustee receive written notice from the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series as provided in the indenture; |
| certain voluntary or involuntary events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of Sana; or |
| any other Event of Default provided with respect to debt securities of that series that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement. (Section 6.1) |
No Event of Default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an Event of Default with respect to any other series of debt securities. (Section 6.1) The occurrence of certain Events of Default or an acceleration under the indenture may constitute an event of default under certain indebtedness of ours or our subsidiaries outstanding from time to time.
We will provide the trustee written notice of any Default or Event of Default within 30 days of becoming aware of the occurrence of such Default or Event of Default, which notice will describe in reasonable detail the status of such Default or Event of Default and what action we are taking or propose to take in respect thereof. (Section 6.1)
If an Event of Default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal of (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all debt securities of that series. In the case of an Event of Default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal (or such specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid
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interest, if any, on all outstanding debt securities will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the trustee or any holder of outstanding debt securities. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to debt securities of any series has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may rescind and annul the acceleration if all Events of Default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal and interest, if any, with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the indenture. (Section 6.2) We refer you to the prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an Event of Default.
The indenture provides that the trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture unless the trustee receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any cost, liability, or expense that might be incurred by it in performing such duty or exercising such right or power. (Section 7.1(e)) Subject to certain rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of that series. (Section 6.12)
No holder of any debt security of any series will have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy under the indenture, unless:
| that holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to debt securities of that series; and |
| the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and offered indemnity or security satisfactory to the trustee, to the trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee, and the trustee has not received from the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series a direction inconsistent with that request and has failed to institute the proceeding within 60 days. (Section 6.7) |
Notwithstanding any other provision in the indenture, the holder of any debt security will have an absolute and unconditional right to receive payment of the principal of, premium and any interest on that debt security on or after the due dates expressed in that debt security and to institute suit for the enforcement of payment. (Section 6.8)
The indenture requires us, within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, to furnish to the trustee a statement as to compliance with the indenture. (Section 4.3) If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the securities of any series and if it is known to a responsible officer of the trustee, the trustee shall mail to each holder of the securities of that series notice of a Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a responsible officer of the trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. The indenture provides that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of any Default or Event of Default (except in payment on any debt securities of that series) with respect to debt securities of that series if the trustee determines in good faith that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of those debt securities. (Section 7.5)
Modification and Waiver
We and the trustee may modify, amend, or supplement the indenture or the debt securities of any series without the consent of any holder of any debt security:
| to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency; |
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| to comply with covenants in the indenture described above under the heading Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets; |
| to provide for uncertificated securities in addition to or in place of certificated securities; |
| to add guarantees with respect to debt securities of any series or secure debt securities of any series; |
| to surrender any of our rights or powers under the indenture; |
| to add covenants or events of default for the benefit of the holders of debt securities of any series; |
| to comply with the applicable procedures of the applicable depositary; |
| to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder of debt securities; |
| to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of debt securities of any series as permitted by the indenture; |
| to effect the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities of any series and to add to or change any of the provisions of the indenture to provide for or facilitate administration by more than one trustee; or |
| to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act. (Section 9.1) |
We may also modify and amend the indenture with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series affected by the modifications or amendments. We may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holders of each affected debt security then outstanding if that amendment will:
| reduce the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; |
| reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any debt security; |
| reduce the principal of or premium on or change the fixed maturity of any debt security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation with respect to any series of debt securities; |
| reduce the principal amount of discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity; |
| waive a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or interest on any debt security (except a rescission of acceleration of the debt securities of any series by the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities of that series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration); |
| make the principal of or premium or interest on any debt security payable in currency other than that stated in the debt security; |
| make any change to certain provisions of the indenture relating to, among other things, the right of holders of debt securities to receive payment of the principal of, premium and interest on those debt securities and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment and to waivers or amendments; or |
| waive a redemption payment with respect to any debt security. (Section 9.3) |
Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. (Section 9.2) The holders of a majority in principal amount of the
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outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all the debt securities of such series waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or any interest on any debt security of that series; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration. (Section 6.13)
Defeasance of Debt Securities and Certain Covenants in Certain Circumstances
Legal Defeasance. The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, we may be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities of any series (subject to certain exceptions). We will be so discharged upon the irrevocable deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. dollars, government obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money or U.S. government obligations in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank to pay and discharge each installment of principal, premium and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities.
This discharge may occur only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel stating that we have received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit, defeasance, and discharge had not occurred. (Section 8.3)
Defeasance of Certain Covenants. The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, upon compliance with certain conditions:
| we may omit to comply with the covenant described under the heading Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets and certain other covenants set forth in the indenture, as well as any additional covenants that may be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement; and |
| any omission to comply with those covenants will not constitute a Default or an Event of Default with respect to the debt securities of that series, or covenant defeasance. |
The conditions include:
| depositing with the trustee money and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. dollars, government obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank to pay and discharge each installment of principal of, premium and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities; and |
| delivering to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and related covenant defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner, and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit and related covenant defeasance had not occurred. (Section 8.4) |
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No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees or Stockholders
None of our past, present, or future directors, officers, employees, or stockholders, as such, will have any liability for any of our obligations under the debt securities or the indenture or for any claim based on, or in respect or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. By accepting a debt security, each holder waives and releases all such liability. This waiver and release is part of the consideration for the issue of the debt securities. However, this waiver and release may not be effective to waive liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws, and it is the view of the SEC that such a waiver is against public policy.
Governing Law
The indenture and the debt securities, including any claim or controversy arising out of or relating to the indenture or the securities, will be governed by the laws of the State of New York.
The indenture will provide that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to the indenture, the debt securities or the transactions contemplated thereby.
The indenture will provide that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon the indenture or the transactions contemplated thereby may be instituted in the federal courts of the United States of America or the courts of the State of New York, in each case located in the City of New York, and we, the trustee and the holder of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. The indenture will further provide that service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail (to the extent allowed under any applicable statute or rule of court) to such partys address set forth in the indenture will be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The indenture will further provide that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the courts specified above and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim any such suit, action or other proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum. (Section 10.10)
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We may issue warrants for the purchase of shares of our common stock or preferred stock or of debt securities. We may issue warrants independently or together with other securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and the investors or a warrant agent. The following summary of material provisions of the warrants and warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement and warrant certificate applicable to a particular series of warrants. The terms of any warrants offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates that contain the terms of the warrants.
The particular terms of any issue of warrants will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the issue. Those terms may include:
| the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase such shares and the price at which such number of shares may be purchased upon such exercise; |
| the designation, stated value and terms (including, without limitation, liquidation, dividend, conversion and voting rights) of the series of preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of warrants to purchase preferred stock; |
| the principal amount of debt securities that may be purchased upon exercise of a debt warrant and the exercise price for the warrants, which may be payable in cash, securities or other property; |
| the date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related debt securities, preferred stock or common stock will be separately transferable; |
| the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants; |
| the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire; |
| U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to the warrants; and |
| any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the exchange, exercise and settlement of the warrants. |
Holders of equity warrants will not be entitled:
| to vote, consent or receive dividends; |
| receive notice as stockholders with respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our directors or any other matter; or |
| exercise any rights as stockholders of Sana. |
Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the principal amount of debt securities or the number of shares of preferred stock or common stock at the exercise price set forth in, or calculable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.
A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new warrant certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer and exercise them at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any
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other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Until any warrants to purchase debt securities are exercised, the holder of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise, including any rights to receive payments of principal, premium or interest on the underlying debt securities or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture. Until any warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock are exercised, the holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common stock or preferred stock, including any rights to receive dividends or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the common stock or preferred stock, if any.
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We may issue units consisting of any combination of the other types of securities offered under this prospectus in one or more series. We may evidence each series of units by unit certificates that we will issue under a separate agreement. We may enter into unit agreements with a unit agent. Each unit agent will be a bank or trust company that we select. We will indicate the name and address of the unit agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units.
The following description, together with the additional information included in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the general features of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. You should read any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you related to the series of units being offered, as well as the complete unit agreements that contain the terms of the units. Specific unit agreements will contain additional important terms and provisions and we will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report that we file with the SEC, the form of each unit agreement relating to units offered under this prospectus.
If we offer any units, certain terms of that series of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, the following, as applicable:
| the title of the series of units; |
| identification and description of the separate constituent securities comprising the units; |
| the price or prices at which the units will be issued; |
| the date, if any, on and after which the constituent securities comprising the units will be separately transferable; |
| a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the units; and |
| any other terms of the units and their constituent securities. |
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Book-Entry, Delivery, and Form
Unless we indicate differently in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, the securities initially will be issued in book-entry form and represented by one or more global notes or global securities, or, collectively, global securities. The global securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, as depositary, or DTC, and registered in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of DTC. Unless and until it is exchanged for individual certificates evidencing securities under the limited circumstances described below, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depositary to its nominee or by the nominee to the depositary, or by the depositary or its nominee to a successor depositary or to a nominee of the successor depositary.
DTC has advised us that it is:
| a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law; |
| a banking organization within the meaning of the New York Banking Law; |
| a member of the Federal Reserve System; |
| a clearing corporation within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and |
| a clearing agency registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. |
DTC holds securities that its participants deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the settlement among its participants of securities transactions, such as transfers and pledges, in deposited securities through electronic computerized book-entry changes in participants accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, including underwriters, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, or DTCC. DTCC is the holding company for DTC, National Securities Clearing Corporation and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others, which we sometimes refer to as indirect participants, that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a direct participant, either directly or indirectly. The rules applicable to DTC and its participants are on file with the SEC.
Purchases of securities under the DTC system must be made by or through direct participants, which will receive a credit for the securities on DTCs records. The ownership interest of the actual purchaser of a security, which we sometimes refer to as a beneficial owner, is in turn recorded on the direct and indirect participants records. Beneficial owners of securities will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchases. However, beneficial owners are expected to receive written confirmations providing details of their transactions, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the direct or indirect participants through which they purchased securities. Transfers of ownership interests in global securities are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of participants acting on behalf of beneficial owners. Beneficial owners will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in the global securities, except under the limited circumstances described below.
To facilitate subsequent transfers, all global securities deposited by direct participants with DTC will be registered in the name of DTCs partnership nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of securities with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. or such other nominee will not change the beneficial ownership of the securities. DTC has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the securities. DTCs records reflect only the identity of the direct participants to whose accounts the securities are credited, which may or may not be the beneficial owners. The participants are responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers.
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So long as the securities are in book-entry form, you will receive payments and may transfer securities only through the facilities of the depositary and its direct and indirect participants. We will maintain an office or agency in the location specified in the prospectus supplement for the applicable securities, where notices and demands in respect of the securities and the indenture may be delivered to us and where certificated securities may be surrendered for payment, registration of transfer or exchange.
Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to direct participants, by direct participants to indirect participants and by direct participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any legal requirements in effect from time to time.
Redemption notices will be sent to DTC. If less than all of the securities of a particular series are being redeemed, DTCs practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each direct participant in the securities of such series to be redeemed.
Neither DTC nor Cede & Co. (or such other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to the securities. Under its usual procedures, DTC will mail an omnibus proxy to us as soon as possible after the record date. The omnibus proxy assigns the consenting or voting rights of Cede & Co. to those direct participants to whose accounts the securities of such series are credited on the record date, identified in a listing attached to the omnibus proxy.
So long as securities are in book-entry form, we will make payments on those securities to the depositary or its nominee, as the registered owner of such securities, by wire transfer of immediately available funds. If securities are issued in definitive certificated form under the limited circumstances described below and unless if otherwise provided in the description of the applicable securities herein or in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will have the option of making payments by check mailed to the addresses of the persons entitled to payment or by wire transfer to bank accounts in the United States designated in writing to the applicable trustee or other designated party at least 15 days before the applicable payment date by the persons entitled to payment, unless a shorter period is satisfactory to the applicable trustee or other designated party.
Redemption proceeds, distributions and dividend payments on the securities will be made to Cede & Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. DTCs practice is to credit direct participants accounts upon DTCs receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from us on the payment date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC records. Payments by participants to beneficial owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the account of customers in bearer form or registered in street name. Those payments will be the responsibility of participants and not of DTC or us, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements in effect from time to time. Payment of redemption proceeds, distributions and dividend payments to Cede & Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC, is our responsibility, disbursement of payments to direct participants is the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of payments to the beneficial owners is the responsibility of direct and indirect participants.
Except under the limited circumstances described below, purchasers of securities will not be entitled to have securities registered in their names and will not receive physical delivery of securities. Accordingly, each beneficial owner must rely on the procedures of DTC and its participants to exercise any rights under the securities and the indenture.
The laws of some jurisdictions may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of securities in definitive form. Those laws may impair the ability to transfer or pledge beneficial interests in securities.
DTC may discontinue providing its services as securities depositary with respect to the securities at any time by giving reasonable notice to us. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depositary is not obtained, securities certificates are required to be printed and delivered.
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As noted above, beneficial owners of a particular series of securities generally will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in those securities. However, if:
| DTC notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a depositary for the global security or securities representing such series of securities or if DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act at a time when it is required to be registered and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90 days of the notification to us or of our becoming aware of DTCs ceasing to be so registered, as the case may be; |
| we determine, in our sole discretion, not to have such securities represented by one or more global securities; or |
| an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such series of securities, |
we will prepare and deliver certificates for such securities in exchange for beneficial interests in the global securities. Any beneficial interest in a global security that is exchangeable under the circumstances described in the preceding sentence will be exchangeable for securities in definitive certificated form registered in the names that the depositary directs. It is expected that these directions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from its participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities.
Euroclear and Clearstream
If so provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, you may hold interests in a global security through Clearstream Banking S.A., which we refer to as Clearstream, or Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System, which we refer to as Euroclear, either directly if you are a participant in Clearstream or Euroclear or indirectly through organizations which are participants in Clearstream or Euroclear. Clearstream and Euroclear will hold interests on behalf of their respective participants through customers securities accounts in the names of Clearstream and Euroclear, respectively, on the books of their respective U.S. depositaries, which in turn will hold such interests in customers securities accounts in such depositaries names on DTCs books.
Clearstream and Euroclear are securities clearance systems in Europe. Clearstream and Euroclear hold securities for their respective participating organizations and facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between those participants through electronic book-entry changes in their accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates.
Payments, deliveries, transfers, exchanges, notices and other matters relating to beneficial interests in global securities owned through Euroclear or Clearstream must comply with the rules and procedures of those systems. Transactions between participants in Euroclear or Clearstream, on one hand, and other participants in DTC, on the other hand, are also subject to DTCs rules and procedures.
Investors will be able to make and receive through Euroclear and Clearstream payments, deliveries, transfers and other transactions involving any beneficial interests in global securities held through those systems only on days when those systems are open for business. Those systems may not be open for business on days when banks, brokers and other institutions are open for business in the United States.
Cross-market transfers between participants in DTC, on the one hand, and participants in Euroclear or Clearstream, on the other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with the DTCs rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by their respective U.S. depositaries; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such system in accordance with the rules and procedures and within the established deadlines (European time) of such system. Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its U.S. depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the global securities through DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day fund settlement. Participants in Euroclear or Clearstream may not deliver instructions directly to their respective U.S. depositaries.
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Due to time zone differences, the securities accounts of a participant in Euroclear or Clearstream purchasing an interest in a global security from a direct participant in DTC will be credited, and any such crediting will be reported to the relevant participant in Euroclear or Clearstream, during the securities settlement processing day (which must be a business day for Euroclear or Clearstream) immediately following the settlement date of DTC. Cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream as a result of sales of interests in a global security by or through a participant in Euroclear or Clearstream to a direct participant in DTC will be received with value on the settlement date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream cash account only as of the business day for Euroclear or Clearstream following DTCs settlement date.
Other
The information in this section of this prospectus concerning DTC, Clearstream, Euroclear and their respective book-entry systems has been obtained from sources that we believe to be reliable, but we do not take responsibility for this information. This information has been provided solely as a matter of convenience. The rules and procedures of DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear are solely within the control of those organizations and could change at any time. Neither we nor the trustee nor any agent of ours or of the trustee has any control over those entities and none of us takes any responsibility for their activities. You are urged to contact DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear or their respective participants directly to discuss those matters. In addition, although we expect that DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear will perform the foregoing procedures, none of them is under any obligation to perform or continue to perform such procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time. Neither we nor any agent of ours will have any responsibility for the performance or nonperformance by DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear or their respective participants of these or any other rules or procedures governing their respective operations.
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We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, at the market offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods or through underwriters or dealers, through agents and/or directly to one or more purchasers. The securities may be distributed from time to time in one or more transactions:
| at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed; |
| at market prices prevailing at the time of sale; |
| at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or |
| at negotiated prices. |
Each time that we sell securities covered by this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement or supplements that will describe the method of distribution and set forth the terms and conditions of the offering of such securities, including the offering price of the securities and the proceeds to us, if applicable.
Offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus may be solicited directly. Agents may also be designated to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. Any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities will be identified in a prospectus supplement.
If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, the securities will be sold to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
If an underwriter is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter at the time of sale and the name of any underwriter will be provided in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for which they may act as agent. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis and a dealer will purchase securities as a principal, and may then resell the securities at varying prices to be determined by the dealer.
Any compensation paid to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions, or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers will be provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters, dealers, and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof and to reimburse those persons for certain expenses.
Any common stock that we issue and sell will be listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, but any other securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than were sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the
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securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.
We may engage in at the market offerings into an existing trading market in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act. In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.
The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The underwriters, dealers, and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.
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The validity of the issuance of our common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Professional Corporation, Palo Alto, California. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers, or agents, by counsel that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as set forth in their report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLPs report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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17,272,728 Shares of Common Stock
Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase 12,727,272 Shares of Common Stock
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Morgan Stanley | J.P. Morgan | Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC | BofA Securities |
February 7, 2024